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s 

Connecticut  Agricultural  *^^ 
Experiment  Station 

NEW  HAVEN,   CONN. 
BULLETIN  221  MARCH,    1920 


BEING  THE 

Report  on  Commercial 
Feeding  Stuffs 

1919 

By  E.  M.  BAILEY 


CONTENTS 

Page 

Provisions  of  the  Statutes  Relating  to  Feeding  Stuffs 345 

Status  of  Cottonseed  Meal  Under  the  Fertilizer  Law   345 

Classification  of  Samples 346 

Determining  Factors  in  Compounding  Rations. 347 

Definitions  of  Feeding  Stufl^s 354 

Inspection  of  1919 359 

Miscellaneous  Samples 364 

Table  of  Analyses 370-393 


The  Bulletins  of  this  Station  are  mailed  free  to  citizens  of  Connecti- 
cut who  apply  for  them,  and  to  others  as  far  as  the  editions  permit. 


CONNECTICUT  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION. 

OFFICERS  AND  STAFF 
March,  1920. 


BOARD  OF  CONTROL. 
His  Excellency,  Marcus  H.  Holcomb,  ex-officio.  President. 

James  H.  Webb,  Vice  President Hamden 

George   A.    Hopson,   Secretary New  Haven 

E.  H.  Jenkins,  Director  and  Treasurer New  Haven 

Joseph  W.  Alsop Avon 

Charles  R.  Treat Orange 

Elij  ah  Rogers  Southington 

William  H.  Hall South  Willington 


Administration. 


Chemistry. 
Analytical  Laboratory. 


Protein  Research. 
Botany. 


Entomology. 


Forestry. 


Plant  Breeding. 


Vegetable  Growing. 


STAFF. 

E.  H.  Jenkins,  Ph.D.,  Director  and   Treasurer. 
Miss  V.  E.  Cole,  Librarian  and  Stenographer. 
Miss  L.  M.  Brautlecht,  Bookkeeper  and  Stenographer. 
William  Veitch,  In  charge  of  Buildings  and  Grounds. 

E.  MoNKOE  Bailey,  Ph.D.,  Chemist  in  Charge. 

R.  E.  Andrew,  M.A.,  C.  E.  Shepard,    }  ^     ■  .      .  ^, 

■LT    -r.    17  -D  c      /->  AT  f  A^^'stant  Chemists. 

H.  D.  Edmond,  B.S.,  Owen  Nolan,      > 

Frank  Sheldon,  Laboratory  Assistant. 

V.  L.  Churchill,  Sampling  Agent. 

Miss  A.  H.  Moss,  Clerk. 

T.  B.  Osborne,  Ph.D.,  D.Sc,  Chemist  in  Charge. 

G.  P.  Clinton,  Sc.D.,  Botanist. 

E.  M.  Stoddard,  B.S.,  Assistant  Botanist. 

Miss  Florence  A.  McCormick,  Ph.D.,  Scientific  Assistant, 

G.  E.  Graham,  General  Assistant. 

Mrs.  W.  W.  Kelsey,  Stenographer. 

W.  E.  Britton,  Ph.D.,  Entomologist:    State  Entomologist. 

B.  H.  Walden,  B.Agr.,  I.  W.  Davis,  B.Sc,  )  Assistant 

M.  p.  Zappe,  B.S.,  Philip  Garman,  Ph.D.,    j     Entomologists. 
Miss  Gladys  M.  Finley,  Stenographer. 

Walter  O.  Filley,  Forester,  also  State  Forester 

and  State  Forest  Fire  Warden. 
A.  E.  Moss,  M.F.,  Assistant  State  and  Station  Forester. 
H.  W.  HicocK,  M.F.,  Assistant. 
Miss  Pauline  A.   Merchant,  Stenographer. 

Donald  F.  Jones,  S.D.,  Plant  Breeder. 

C.  D.  HuBBELL,  Assistant. 


W.  C.  Pelton,  B.S. 


Commercial  Feeding  Stuffs 

By  E.  M.  Bailey.* 


PROVISIONS  OF  THE  STATUTES  RELATING  TO 
FEEDING  STUFFS. 

Under  the  Connecticut  statutes  the  term  "concentrated  com- 
mercial feeding  stuffs"  covers  practically  all  feeds  excepting  hay 
and  straw,  whole  seeds,  unmixed  meal  made  directly  from  any 
of  the  cereals  or  from  buckwheat,  and  feed  ground  from  whole 
grain  and  sold  directly  from  manufacturer  to  consumer. 

"Section  4775  requires  that  every  lot  or  parcel  of  concentrated 
commercial  feeding  stuff  shall  bear  a  statement  giving  the  name 
and  address  of  the  manufacturer  or  importer,  the  number  of  net 
pounds  in  the  package,  the  name  of  the  article,  and  the  percent- 
ages of  protein  and  fat  contained  in  it.  The  law  forbids  the  use 
of  any  metal  in  affixing  tags. 

No  registration  of  feeds  or  payment  of  analysis  or  license  fees 
is  required. 

The  penalty  for  violation  of  the  statute  is  not  more  than  $100 
ffne  for  the  first  offense  and  not  more  than  $200  for  each  subse- 
quent offense. 

The  law  authorizes  this  Station  to  take  samples  from  any 
manufacturer  or  dealer,  in  a  prescribed  manner,  and  requires  the 
Station  to  analyze  annually  at  least  one  sample  of  each  brand 
which  it  has  collected,  and  to  publish  these  analyses  "together 
with  such  additional  information  in  relation  to  the  character, 
composition  and  use  thereof  as  may  be  of  importance." 

THE  STATUS  OF  COTTONSEED  MEAL  UNDER  THE 
NEW  FERTILIZER  LAW. 

By  act  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1919  cottonseed  meal  is 
classed  as  a  commercial  fertilizer  within  the  meaning  of  the  law. 

*  With  the  assistance  of  Messrs.  C.  E.  Shepard  and  H.  D.  Edmond. 
The  inspection  and  collection  of  samples  were  carried  out  by  Mr.  V.  L. 
Churchill. 


346  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

It  is  required  that  every  brand  shall  be  registered  at  this  Station 
before  it  is  offered  for  sale  in  the  state,  and  an  analysis  fee  of 
ten  dollars  paid  thereon.  On  July  first  and  January  first  there- 
after a  tonnage  fee  of  six  cents  per  ton  shall  be  paid.  It  is 
provided  that  cottonseed  meal  sold  and  used  as  feeding  stuff  shall 
be  exempt  from  the  tonnage  fee. 

As  regards  the  adjustment  of  the  tonnage  fee,  the  law  provides 
for  a  sworn  statement  from  dealers  as  to  their  sales.  This  Station 
will  provide  forms  for  this  purpose,  the  same  to  be  duly  filled 
in,  certified  and  returned  to  the  Station  semi-annually.  Said 
statement  shall  show  the  total  tonnage  sold  and  the  proportion 
thereof  sold  for  use  as  a  fertilizer ;  and  such  statement  will  be 
used  as  a  basis  to  determine  the  deduction  in  tonnage  to  be  made 
for  goods  sold  for  feeding  purposes. 

CLASSIFICATION  OF  SAMPLES  ANALYZED  DURING 
THE  YEAR. 

In  the  official  inspection  two  hundred  and  four  samples  were 
collected,  which  may  be  classified  as  follows : 

Cottonseed  Meal   15        Maize  Products 19 

Cottonseed  Feed    2  Brewers'  and  Distillers'  Grains      3 

Linseed  Meal  7        Dried  Beet  Pulp  6 

Wheat  Bran   15     '  Cocoanut  Meal   2 

Wheat  Mixed  Feed   15        Peanut  Meal 2 

Wheat  Middlings    12        Proprietary  Stock  Feeds   78 

Rye  Products  3        Poultry  Feeds   14 

Barley  Products   i                                                                • 

Total   204 

Sixty-two  samples  of  miscellaneous  feeding  stuffs  have  been 
examined  for  the  Dairy  Commissioner  and  for  individuals. 

Four  hundred  and  sixty-seven  partial  or  complete  analyses 
have  been  made  of  fodder  and  other  materials  in  connection  with 
field  experiments.  Of  this  number  three  hundred  and  ninety-one 
were  received  from  Storrs  and  the  remainder  were  from  the 
Station  Farm  at  Mt.  Carmel. 

Partial  analyses  of  thirty-one  samples  of  shelled  corn  were 
made  for  the  Department  of  Plant  Breeding. 

The  total  for  the  year  is  seven  hundred  and  sixty-four. 

This  report  is  concerned  only  with  the  results  of  the  official 
inspection  and  samples  submitted  by  the  Dairy  Commissioner  and 
by  individuals. 


COMPOUNDING   RATIONS.  347 

DETERMINING  FACTORS  IN  COMPOUNDING  RATIONS. 

Gross  and  Digestible  Nutrients. 

The  significance  of  the  conventional  analysis  of  a  feeding"  stuff 
and  the  role  of  each  of  the  nutrient  groups  contained  therein  have 
been  discussed  in  previous  bulletins.^  Such  proximate  analyses 
show  the  gross  amounts  of  nutrient  materials  in  various  con- 
centrates or  roughages  but  do  not  furnish  any  information  as 
to  the  nature  and  quality  of  the  several  types  of  nutrients  found. 
The  gross  supply  of  nutrient  material  eaten  is  not  entirely  utilized 
in  the  animal  body;  some  is  lost  in  the  excretions.  The 
amount  not  excreted  is  considered  to  be  utilized  or  digested; 
thus  if  lOO  parts  of  protein  are  fed  in  a  given  ration,  e.  g., 
cottonseed  meal,  and  i6  parts  are  recovered  in  the  excreta,  then 
84  parts  are  assumed  to  have  been  digested  and  84  is  the 
coefficient  of  digestibility  for  the  protein  of  cottonseed  meal. 
These  figures  are  obtained  by  actual  feeding  experiments.  Such 
trials  also  show  that  protein,  fat  and  carbohydrate  have  different 
degrees  of  digestibility,  and  that  the  same  type  of  nutrient  from 
different  sources  may  vary  in  this  respect.  Thus  the  protein  of 
dried  beet  pulp  is  only  52  per  cent,  digestible.  Henry  and 
Morrison-  have  prepared  a  useful  table  which  gives  data  of  this 
kind  upon  a  very  wide  range  of  fodder  materials. 

Energy  Values. 

To  illustrate  the  various  transformations  of  food  in  digestion, 
the  animal  body  is  often  compared  with  an  engine  and  the  food 
with  fuel.  Feeding  experiments  all  prove  the  fitness  of  this 
comparison.  As  the  engine  transforms  the  energy  of  its  fuel 
supply  into  other  forms,  such  as  heat  and  mechanical  work,  so 
the  animal  body  transforms  the  energy  of  its  food;  and  in  both 
cases  the  general  law  of  conservation  of  energy  holds  true  since 
the  total  amount  of  energy  in  the  fuel  or  food  is  eventually 
accounted  for  in  some  form. 

The  gross  energy  value  of  any  food  is  equal  to  the  heat  evolved 
upon  burning  that  food  completely.    This  is  determined  by  means  ' 
of  an  apparatus  called  a  calorimeter,  in  which  a  definite  amount 
of  food  material  is  burned  with  pure  oxygen  under  pressure,  the 


^Conn.  Agr,  Exp.  Sta.,  Bull.  206,  Feb.,  1918;    Bull.  212,  March,  1919. 
'  Feeds  and  Feeding,  p.  647,  et  seq. 


348  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

heat  liberated  being-  absorbed  by  a  weighed  amount  of  water  and 
measured  with  a  thermometer.  If  the  amount  of  food  material 
when  completely  burned  liberates  heat  enough  to  raise  the 
temperature  of  looo  grams  of  water  i  degree  Centigrade  (or 
I  pound  of  water  4  degrees  Fahrenheit),  the  energy  equivalent 
of  that  amount  of  material  is  one  Calorie.  Another  unit  of 
measure  is  the  Therm,  which  has  a  value  1000  times  that  of  the 
Calorie,  i.  e.,  it  is  the  amount  of  heat  required  to  raise  the 
temperature  of  1000  pounds  of  water  4  degrees  F.  By  burning 
unit  quantities  of  the  various  types  of  nutrient  materials  their 
energy  values  are  established. 

Since  the  gross  supply  of  energy  in  food  material  cannot  be 
completely  utilized  by  the  animal  body  it  is  evident  that  the  fuel 
value  of  a  given  food  -is  judged  by  that  proportion  of  the  gross 
supply  which  the  animal  can  convert  to  its  use.  Deduction  must 
be  made  therefor  for  the  energy  lost  to  the  body  in  the  solid, 
liquid  and  gaseous  excreta.  The  remainder  is  the  available  or 
metaholizahle  energy  and  represents  that  part  of  the  gross  energy 
which  the  animal  can  transform;  or  its  value  to  the  animal  for 
heat  production  purposes.  But  further  energy  is  required  in 
digesting  the  food  and  preparing  it  for  absorption  and  assimila- 
tion. By  making  this  further  deduction  the  net  energy  value  of 
the  food  is  obtained,  and  it  represents  that  part  of  the  original 
gross  supply  finally  counted  on  to  maintain  the  activities  of  heart, 
lungs  and  other  internal  organs  and,  if  the  supply  is  in  excess  of 
these  requirements,  to  contribute  to  the  gain  of  flesh  or  the 
production  of  milk  or  the  performance  of  mechanical  work.  ■ 

Differences  between  various  feeding  stuffs  with  respect  to 
metabolizable  energy  are  chiefly  due  to  the  varying  energy  losses 
in  the  excreta.  Metabolizable  energy  per  unit  of  digestible 
organic  matter  therefore  shows  considerable  uniformity  and  may 
be  estimated  on  that  basis.  For  this  purpose  Armsby^  gives  the 
following  factors  which  may  be  used  for  cattle  and  probably 
for  other  ruminants. 

Roughage   1.588  Therms  per  lb. 

Grains  and  similar  feeds : 

less  than  5%  digestible  fat 1-769  Therms  per  lb. 

more  than  5%  digestible  fat  1.814  Therms  per  lb. 

Oil  meals,  etc 1.996-2.177  Therms  per  lb. 

^  Penn.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta.,  Bull.  142,  1916. 


COMPOUNDING    RATIONS,  349 

To  obtain  net  energy  values,  however,  a  further  deduction  for 
the  energy  expended  in  the  consumption  of  feed  is  required.  This 
energy  expenditure  has  been  determined  by  Armsby  and  Fries^ 
for  a  number  of  roughages  and  concentrates  and  they  have  pre- 
pared the  following  table  which  includes  their  own  results  and 
others  obtained  by  Kellner  and  Kohler. 

Table  I.    Average  Energy  Expenditure  by  Cattle  per  Hundred 
Pounds  of  Dry  Matter  Eaten. 

-_,         ,  Energy  Expenditure, 

Roughages.  Therms. 

Timothy  hay 35-47 

Red  clover  hay   44-13 

Red  clover  hay 42.27 

Mixed  hay  .- 44-45 

Alfalfa  hay  5303 

"Grass  hay" 47-40 

Meadow  hay 56.88 

Rowen    43-46 

Corn  stover 48.31 

Wheat  straw 51.62 

Barley  straw  39-78 

Oat  straw 46.00 

Straw  pulp    52.62 

Concentrates. 

Corn  meal   58.33 

Hominy  chop 61.92 

Wheat  bran    '. .  53.39 

Grain  mixture  No.  i    60.19 

Grain  mixture  No.  2   51-76 

Cottonseed  meal 44-36 

Linseed  meal    54-79 

Palmnut  meal  45-68 

Peanut  meal   52.57 

Beet  molasses  44.82 

Starch    56.61 

Peanut  oil 78.34 

Wheat  gluten   95.08 

The  application  of  these  data  in  the  case  of  cottonseed  meal, 
for  example,  having  91.8  per  cent,  dry  matter  and  66.3  per  cent, 
digestible  nutrients  is  as  follows : 

*  Penn.  Agr.  Exp  Stat,  Bull  142,  1916. 


350  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

One  hundred  pounds  of  cottonseed  meal  contain : 

Dry  matter  91.8  lbs. 

Digestible 

Protein    30.2  lbs. 

Fat    6.1  lbs. 

Carbohydrates  (includes  digestible  fiber)    30.0  lbs. 

Total    66.3  lbs. 

From  the  table  on  page  248  it  appears  that  the  metaboHzable 
energy  in  one  hundred  pounds  of  cottonseed  meal  may  be  taken 
approximately  as  2.1  Therms;  and  from  Table  I  that  the  energy 
expenditure  in  consumption  of  one  hundred  pounds  dry  matter 
is  44.36  Therms.    Thus 

MetaboHzable  energy  =  2.1  x  66.3  =  139.2  Therms 

Expenditure  of  consumption  =  .4426  x  91.8  =    40.7  Therms 
Net  energy  value  =    98.5  Therms 

On  the  basis  of  Henry  and  Morrison's  compilation  of  American 
analyses  of  feeding  stuffs  and  digestible  nutrients  therein,  Armsby 
and  Putney^  have  computed  net  energy  values  for  a  great  variety 
of  feeds ;  and  the  net  energy  values  in  the  following  table  are 
taken  from  this  source  (Table  II). 

Energy  values  of  feeding  stuffs  may  be  expressed  in  other 
ways.  Kellner^  has  adopted  the  starch  value  as  a  standard  of 
measurement.  He  found  by  experiment  that  one  pound  of 
digestible  starch  fed  to  an  ox  in  excess  of  his  maintenance 
requirements  produced  about  one  quarter  (0.248)  of  a  pound 
of  body  fat.  One  hundred  pounds  of  a  feed  which  produced 
twenty  pounds  of  fat  would  have  a  starch  value  of  about  80. 
Fraps^  uses  productive  value  as  a  basis  of  comparison,  this  being 
the  amount  of  fat  a  given  feed  will  produce  upon  a  fattening 
animal  when  fed  in  addition  to  a  basal  ration  already  adequate  for 
the  bodily  needs  of  the  animal.  He  expresses  productive  value 
in  terms  of  fat  and  takes  into  account  the  variations  in  the  pro- 
ductive values  of  the  several  groups  of  digestible  nutrients. 
Productive  value  is  calculated  by  means  of  production  coefficients 
established  for  each  class  of  nutrients. 


^  Penn.  Agr.  Exp.  Stat,  Bull.  142,  1916. 

^  Henry  and  Morrison,  15th  ed.,  pp.  118-119. 

^  Texas  Agr.  Exp.  Sta.,  Bull.  185. 


COMPOUNDING   RATIONS. 


351 


Table  II.    Coefficients  of  Digestibility  and  Net  Energy  Values 
OF  Feeding  Stuffs.^ 


Feed 


u  m  S 


Coefficient  of  digestibility. 


Protein. 


Fiber. 


Carbohy- 
drates. 


Fat. 


a 

>  u  ^ 

G  g« 


4-1 'O 


Cottonseed  Meal   

Cottonseed  Feed 

Linseed  Meal  (old  process) 
Linseed  Meal  (new  process) 

Wheat  Bran    

Wheat  Feed 

Wheat  Middlings 

Red  Dog  Flour 

Rye  Flour 

Barley,  ground 

Barley  Bran 

Corn  Gluten  Meal  

Corn  Gluten  Feed  

Hominy  Feed  

Brewers'  Grains 

Malt  Sprouts 

Distiller's  Grains,  Corn   .... 

Distiller's  Grains,  Rye 

Beet  Pulp,  dried 

Peanut  Cake,  without  shells 
Soybean  Meal,  fat  extracted 
Cocoanut  Cake  


92.2 

84 

37 

75 

.S8 

45 

61 

90.0 

89 

57 

78 

90.4 

86 

73 

87 

89.9 

76 

43 

74 

77 

36 

76 

89.6 

77 

30 

78 

88 

36 

88 

80 

88 

90.7 

88 

70 

93 

85 

20 

86 

90.9 

85 

55 

90 

91-3 

85 

76 

88 

89.9 

66 

76 

90 

92.5 

81 

49 

57 

92.4 

77 

87 

80 

93-4 

73 

95 

81 

92.8 

59 

67 

91.8 

52 

83 

83 

89.3 

90 

9 

84 

88.2 

92 

99 

100 

90.4 

90 

23 

87 

95 
90 

89 
95 
62 


86 
90 
86 
87 
93 
85 
91 
89 
85 
95 
84 

90 
68 


90.0 

88".9 
85.1 
53-0 

59-1 

89.9 

84.2 
80.7 
81.3 
53-4 
72.7 
85.1 
56.0 
75-9 
93-6 
997 
83.5 


^  Henry  and  Morrison ;    Armsby  and  Putney. 


Other  Important  Considerations.^ 

Feeding  problems  cannot,  however,  be  entirely  solved  by- 
knowledge  of  energy  values,  digestibility  coefficients  or  nutritive 
ratios,  useful  as  these  may  be  for  the  purposes  they  are  intended 
to  serve.  Many  of  the  difficulties  encountered  in  feeding  have 
arisen  from  ignorance  of  the  nature  and  quality  of  the  ingredients 
of  the  feed.  The  striking  differences  in  the  feeding  values  of 
different  proteins  as  shown  by  investigations  at  this  Station  and 
elsewhere  illustrate  this  point  and  emphasize  the  fact  that  a 
knowledge  of  the  chemical  constitution  of  nutrient  materials  is 
quite  as  important  as  a  knowledge  of  energy  values. 


^We  quote  largely  from  an  unpublished  paper  by  Dr.  T.  B.  Osborne 
read  at  a  conference  of  County  Agents  and  others  at  this  Station. 


352  CONNECTICUT   EXPERIMExN'T    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

In  feeding  animals  the  quantity,  kind  and  proportion  of 
nutrients  should  be  kept  in  mind. 

As  to  quantity,  energy  values  indicate  how  much  should  be 
fed  per  unit  of  live  weight  of  the  animal  or  unit  of  its  production. 
Whether  the  animal  will  eat  that  amount  of  food  or  not  depends 
upon  the  food  or  upon  the  animal.  If  the  animal  is  healthy  but 
does  not  eat  as  it  should  and  does  not  grow,  the  food  is  inadequate 
in  some  way ;  if  the  food  is  corrected  so  that  it  produces  growth, 
the  animal  will  then  eat  as  much  as  it  should. 

As  to  kinds  of  food,  protein  is  of  course  necessary  for  its  tissue- 
building  qualities  and  fats  and  carbohydrates  are  necessary 
sources  of  energy.  Mineral  salts  are  also  essential.  There  are 
conspicuous  differences  among  proteins  as  regards  nutritive 
values.  For  example,  if  zein  is  the  sole  source  of  protein  in  an 
animal's  diet  it  dies  within  a  short  time.  If  zein  is  supplemented 
by  tryptophane,  or  a  protein  containing  it,  the  animal  continues 
to  live  but  does  not  grow.  Finally  if  lysine  is  added  to  the  ration 
the  animal  not  only  maintains  itself  but  grows  normally.  Our 
present  knowledge  of  carbohydrates  and  fats  does  not  indicate 
such  radical  differences  in  nutritive  values.  Their  functions  in 
metabolism  are  different  from  that  of  protein.  Probably  the 
carbohydrates  are  chiefly  valuable  insofar  as  they  may  be  con- 
verted into  dextrose  in  digestion.  Mineral  nutrients  are  more 
important  than  has  been  generally  supposed  and  it  is  important 
that  the  ration  contain  a  sufficient  amount  of  these  materials.  A 
corn  and  skimmed  milk  ration  can  be  improved  by  adding  calcium 
and  chlorine  to  compensate  the  deficiency  of  these  elements  in 
corn. 

Nutritive  ratios  indicate  the  proportion  in  which  the  different 
types  of  nutrients  should  be  fed  for  particular  purposes.  Thus 
narrow  ratios  are  fed  for  growth  and  production  while  wide 
ratios  suffice  for  maintenance.  But  it  has  been  shown  that  a 
young  animal  obtaining  all  its  protein  from  gluten  feed  grows 
yery  poorly  even  though  the  nutritive  ratio  of  the  ration  is 
narrow ;  and  that  by  supplementing  a  part  of  the  protein  supply 
by  the  protein  of  milk,  marked  improvement  in  the  rate  of  growth 
results  even  though  the  nutritive  ratio  remains  the  same. 
Nutritive  ratios  then  can  be  most  efficiently  applied  only  with  a 
knowledge  of  the  nature  and  quality  of  the  nitrogenous  part  of 
the  ration. 


COMPOUNDING    RATIONS.  353 

An  important  feature  of  animal  feeding  is  the  proper  and 
rational  use  of  roughage.  This  problem  is  complicated  by  the 
fact  that  very  little  is  known  about  the  chemical  constitution  of 
the  nitrogenous  constituents  of  green  leaves.  These  constituents 
are  conventionally  classed  as  proteins  but  this  practice  may  be 
very  far  from  the  truth.  Osborne  and  Wakeman  have  lately 
shown  that  about  50  per  cent,  of  the  nitrogen  of  spinach  leaves  is 
in  protein  form,  20  per  cent,  is  non-protein  and  the  nature  of  the 
remaining  30  per  cent,  has  yet  to  be  determined.  This  represents 
practically  the  sum  of  our  present  knowledge  of  the  proteins  in 
green  foods. 

Some  of  the  practical  conclusions  to  be  drawn  from  these  newer 
ideas  regarding  nutrition  may  be  briefly  summarized.  It  is  a 
waste  of  good  protein  to  mix  it  with  feeds  which  are  already 
adequate  for  normal  growth  or  production.  The  more  economical 
use  of  such  protein  is  in  supplementing  those  proteins  which  are 
deficient  in  kind  or  quantity  of  requisite  amino  acids.  Again, 
although  good  results  may  sometimes  be  obtained  by  feeding- 
enough  poor  protein,  it  is  cheaper  to  feed  less  amounts  of  good 
protein  because  the  market  price  will  generally  be  about  the  same 
for  each  kind.  Food  intake  is  determined  by  the  energy  require- 
ments of  the  animal ;  a  maximum  production  cannot  be  expected 
without  a  maximum  consumption  of  food.  The  animal  is  a 
machine  which  must  be  made  to  produce  at  a  maximum  capacity 
if  it  is  to  be  run  at  a  profit.  If  a  healthy  animal  does  not  eat 
as  much  as  it  should  there  is  generally  something  wrong  with 
the  food;  if  its  consumption  is  normal  but  its  production  is  low, 
something  is  wrong  with  the  animal.  The  maximum  capacity 
for  growth  or  production  is  an  inherited  quality ;  it  cannot  be 
increased  by  feeding  but  it  may  be  decreased  by  feeding 
improperly. 

Recent  work  done  at  this  Station  and  elsewhere  proves  that 
to  the  four  or  five  nutrients  hitherto  considered  as  making  a 
perfect  food,  must  be  added  others,  known  as  food  accessories  or 
vitamines.  These  are  needed  in  only  small  amounts  but  are 
absolutely  essential  to  maintenance  and  growth.  While  their 
nature  and  functions  are  not  fully  understood  the  work  already 
done  shows  the  special  value  of  alfalfa,  clover  and  green  feed 
for  grrowing  stock,  due  to  these  valuable  constituents. 


354  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

DEFINITIONS  OF  FEEDING  STUFFS. 

Definition  of  feeding  stuffs  adopted  by  the  Association  of  Feed 
Control  Officials  of  the  United  States  and  revised  to  January, 
1919,  are  as  follows: 

General  Definitions. 

Meal  is  the  clean,  sound,  ground  product  of  the  entire  grain,  cereal  or 
seed  which  it  purports  to  represent. 

Chop  is  a  ground  or  chopped  feed  composed  of  one  or  more  different 
cereals  or  by-products  thereof.  If  it  bears  a  name  descriptive  of  the 
kind  of  cereals,  it  must  be  made  exclusive!}'  of  the  entire  grains  of  those 
cereals. 

Screenings  are  the  smaller,  imperfect  grains,,  weed  seeds  and  other 
foreign  material  having  feeding  value,  separated  in  cleaning  the  grain. 

Alfalfa  meal  is  the  entire  alfalfa  hay  ground,  and  does  not  contain  an 
admixture  of  ground  alfalfa  straw  or  other  foreign  materials. 

Animal  Products. 

Blood  meal  is  ground  dried  blood. 

Cracklings  are  the  residue  after  partially  extracting  the  fats  and  oils 
from  the  animal  tissue.  If  they  bear  a  name  descriptive  of  their  kind, 
composition  or  origin,  they  must  correspond  thereto. 

Digester  Tankage  is  the  residue  from  animal  tissue,  exclusive  of  hoof 
and  horn,  specially  prepared  for  feeding  purposes  by  tanking  under  live 
steam,  drying  under  high  heat,  and  suitable  grinding.  If  it  contains  more 
than  10  per  cent,  of  phosphoric  acid  (P2  O5)  it  must  be  designated  Digester 
Meat  and  Bone  Tankage. 

Meat  Scrap  and  Meat  Meal  are  the  ground  residues  from  animal  tissues 
exclusive  of  hoof  and  horn.  If  they  contain  more  than  10  per  cent,  of 
phosphoric  acid  (P2  O5)  they  must  be  designated  Meat  and  Bone  Scrap 
and  Meat  and  Bone  Meal.  If  they  bear  a  name  descriptive  of  their  kind, 
composition  or  origin,  they  must  correspond  thereto. 

Brewers'  and  Distillers'  Products. 

Brewers'  Dried  Grains  are  the  properly  dried  residue  from  cereals 
obtained  in  the  manufacture  of  beer. 

Distillers'  Dried  Grains  are.  the  dried  residue  from  cereals  obtained  in 
the  manufacture  of  alcohol  and  distilled  liquors.  The  product  shall  bear 
the  designation  indicating  the  cereal  predominating. 

Malt  Sprouts  are  the  sprouts  of  the  barley  grain.  If  the  sprouts  are 
derived  from  any  other  malted  cereal,  the  source  must  be  designated. 

Buckwheat  Products. 

Buckwheat  Shorts  or  Buckwheat  Middlings  are  that  portion  of  the  buck- 
wheat grain  immediately  inside  of  the  hull  after  separation  from  the  flour. 


DEFINITIONS    OF    FEEDING   STUFFS.  355 

Corn  Products. 

Corn  Bran  is  the  outer  coating  of  the  corn  kernel. 

Corn  Feed  Meal  is  the  by-product  obtained  in  the  manufacture  of 
cracked  corn,  with  or  without  aspiration  products  added  to  the  siftings, 
and  is  also  the  by-product  obtained  in  the  manufacture  of  table  meal  from 
the  whole  grain  by  the  non-degerminating  process. 

Corn  Germ  Meal  is  a  product  in  the  manufacture  of  starch,  glucose  and 
other  corn  products,  and  is  the  germ  layer  from  which  a  part  of  the  corn 
oil  has  been  extracted. 

Grits  are  the  hard,  flinty  portions  of  Indian  corn,  without  hulls  and 
germs. 

Corn  Gluten  Meal  is  that  part  of  commercial  shelled  corn  that  remains 
after  the  separation  of  the  larger  part  of  the  starch,  the  germ  and  the 
bran,  by  the  processes  employed  in  the  manufacture  of  cornstarch  and 
glucose.    It  may  or  may  not  contain  corn  solubles. 

Corn  Gluten  Feed  is  that  portion  of  commercial  shelled  corn  that 
remains  after  the  separation  of  the  larger  part  of  the  starch  and  the  germ 
by  the  processes  employed  in  the  manufacture  of  cornstarch  and  glucose. 
It  may  or  may  not  contain  corn  solubles. 

Hominy  Feed,  Hominy  Meal  or  Hominy  Chop  is  the  kiln-dried  mixture 
of  the  mill  run  bran  coating,  the  mill  run  germ,  with  or  without  a  partial 
extraction  of  the  oil  and  a  part  of  the  starchy  portion  of  the  white  corn 
kernel  obtained  in  the  manufacture  of  hominy,  hominy  grits  and  corn 
meal  by  the  degerminating  process. 

Yellow  Hominy  Feed,  Yellow  Hominy  Meal  or  Yellow  Hominy  Chop  is 
a  kiln-dried  mixture  of  the  mill  run  bran  coating,  the  mill  run  germ,  with 
or  without  a  partial  extraction  of  the  oil  and  a  part  of  the  starchy  portion 
of  the  yellow  corn  kernel  obtained  in  the  manufacture  of  yellow  hominy 
grits  and  yellow  corn  meal  by  the  degerminating  process. 

Oil  Cake. 

Oil  Cake  is  the  residual  cake  obtained  after  extraction  of  part  of  the  oil 
by  crushing,  cooking  and  hydraulic  pressure  from  seeds  screened  and 
cleaned  of  weed  seeds  and  other  foreign  materials  by  the  most  improved 
commercial  processes.  When  used  alone  the  term  "oil  cake"  shall  be 
understood  to  designate  the  product  obtained  from  partially  extracted, 
screened  and  cleaned  flaxseed.  When  used  to  cover  any  other  product, 
the  name  of  the  seed  from  which  it  is  obtained  shall  be  prefixed  to  "oil 
cake." 

Ground  Oil  Cake  is  the  product  obtained  by  grinding  oil  cake.  When 
used  alone,  the  term  "ground  oil  cake"  shall  be  understood  to  designate 
the  product  obtained  from  partially  extracted,  screened  and  cleaned  flax- 
seed. When  used  to  cover  any  other  product  the  name  of  the  seed  from 
which  it  is  obtained  shall  be  prefixed  to   "ground  oil  cake." 

Cottonseed  Products. 

Cottonseed  Meal  is  a  product  of  the  cottonseed  only,  composed  prin- 
cipally of  the  kernel  with  such  portion  of  the  hull  as  is  necessary  in  the 


3  56  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

manufacture  of  oil;  provided  that  nothing  shall  be  recognized  as  cotton- 
seed meal  that  does  not  conform  to  the  foregoing  definition  and  that  does 
not,  contain  at  least  36  per  cent,  of  protein. 

Choice  Cottonseed  Meal  must  be  finely  ground,  not  necessarily  bolted, 
perfectly  sound  and  sweet  in  odor,  yellow,  free  from  excess  of  lint,  and 
must  contain  at  least  41  per  cent,  of  protein. 

Prime  Cottonseed  Meal  must  be  finely  ground,  not  necessarily  bolted, 
of  sweet  odor,  reasonably  bright  in  color,  yellow,  not  brown  or  reddish, 
free  from  excess  of  lint,  and  must  contain  at  least  38.6  per  cent,  of  protein. 

Good  Cottonseed  Meal  must  be  finely  ground,  not  necessarily  bolted,  of 
sweet  odor,  reasonably  bright  in  color,  and  must  contain  at  least  36  per 
cent,  of  protein. 

Cottonseed  Feed  is  a  mixture  of  cottonseed  meal  and  cottonseed  hulls, 
containing  less  than  36  per  cent,  of  protein. 

Cold  Pressed  Cottonseed  is  the  product  resulting  from  subjecting  the 
whole  undecorticated  cottonseed  to  the  cold  pressure  process  for  the 
extraction  of  oil,  and  includes  the  entire  cottonseed  less  the  oil  extracted. 

Ground  Cold  Pressed  Cottonseed  is  the  ground  product  resulting  from 
subjecting  the  whole  undecorticated  cottonseed  to  the  cold  pressure  process 
for  the  extraction  of  oil,  and  includes  the  entire  ground  cottonseed  less  the 
oil  extracted. 

Linseed  and  Flax  Products. 

Linseed  Meal  is  the  ground  product  obtained  after  extraction  of  part  of 
the  oil  from  ground  flaxseed  screened  and  cleaned  of  weed  seeds  and  other 
foreign  materials  by  the  most  improved  comrriercial  processes,  provided 
that  the  final  product  shall  not  contain  over  six  per  cent,  of  weed  seeds 
and  other  foreign  materials  and  provided  further  that  no  portion  of  the 
stated  six  per  cent,  of  weed  seeds  and  other  foreign  materials  shall  be 
deliberately  added. 

Oil  Meal  is  the  ground  product  obtained  after  the  extraction  of  part  of 
the  oil  by  crushing,  cooking  and  hydraulic  pressure,  or  by  crushing,  heat- 
ing and  the  use  of  solvents  from  seeds  which  have  been  screened  and 
cleaned  of  weed  seeds  and  other  foreign  materials  by  the  most  improved 
commercial  processes.  When  used  alone  the  term  "Oil  Meal"  shall  be 
understood  to  designate  linseed  meal  as  defined.  When  used  to  cover  any 
other  product  the  name  of  the  seed  .from  which  it  is  obtained  shall  be 
prefixed  to  the  words   "oil  meal." 

Old  Process  Oil  Meal  is  the  ground  product  obtained  after  extraction 
of  part  of  the  oil  by  crushing,  cooking  and  hydraulic  pressure  from  seeds 
screened  and  cleaned  of  weed  seeds  and  other  foreign  materials  by  the 
most  improved  commercial  processes.  When  used  alone  the  term  "Old 
Process  Oil  Meal"  shall  be  understood  to  designate  linseed  meal  as 
defined,  made  by  the  old  process.  When  used  to  cover  any  other  product 
the  name  of  the  seed  from  which  it  is  obtained  shall  be  prefixed  to  "old 
process  oil  meal." 

Nezv  Process  Oil  Meal  is  the  ground  product  obtained  after  extraction 
of  part  of  the  oil  by  crushing,  heating  and  the  use  of  solvents  from  seeds 


DEFINITIONS    OF    FEEDING    STUFFS.  357 

screened  and  cleaned  of  weed  seeds  and  other  foreign  materials  by  the 
most  improved  commercial  processes.  When  used  alone  the  term  "New 
Process  Oil  Meal"  shall  be  understood  to  designate  linseed  meal  as 
defined,  made  by  the  new  process.  When  used  to  cover  any  other  product 
the  name  of  the  seed  from  which  it  is  obtained  shall  be  prefixed  to  "new 
process  oil  meal." 

Flax  Plant  By-Product  is  that  portion  of  the  flax  plant  remaining  after 
the  separation  of  the  seed,  the  bast  fiber  and  a  portion  of  the  shives,  and 
consists  of  flax  shives,,  flax  pods,  broken  and  immature  flax  seeds,  and  the 
cortical  tissue  of  the  stem. 

Ground  Flaxseed  or  Flaxseed  Meal  is  the  product  obtained  by  grinding 
flaxseed  which  has  been  screened  and  cleaned  of  weed  seeds  and  other 
foreign  materials  by  the  most  improved  commercial  processes,  provided 
that  the  final  product  shall  not  contain  over  four  per  cent,  of  weed  seeds 
and  other  foreign  materials,  and  provided  further  that  no  portion  of  the 
stated  four  per  cent,  of  weed  seeds  and  other  foreign  materials  shall  be 
deliberately  added. 

Unscreened  Flaxseed  Oil  Feed  is  the  ground  product  obtained  after 
extraction  of  part  of  the  oil  from  unscreened  flaxseed  by  crushing,  cooking 
and  hydraulic  pressure,  or  by  crushing,  heating  and  the  use  of  solvents. 
When  sold  without  grinding  the  unground  product  shall  be  designated  as 
"unscreened  flaxseed  oil  feed  cake." 

Ingredients  of  Unscreened  Flaxseed  Oil  Feed — Ground  cake  from  par- 
tially extracted  flaxseed  and  foreign  seeds  (wheat,  wild  buckwheat,  pigeon 
grass,,  wild  mustard,  etc.). 

Screenings  Oil  Feed  is  the  ground  product  obtained  after  extraction  of 
part  of  the  oil  by  crushing,  cooking  and  hydraulic  pressure,  or  by  crushing, 
heating  and  the  use  of  solvents  from  the  smaller  imperfect  grains,  weed 
seeds  and  other  foreign  materials  having  feeding  value  separated  in  clean- 
ing the  grain.  The  name  of  the  grain  from  which  the  screenings  are 
separated  shall  be  prefixed  to    "screenings  oil  feed." 

Oat  Products. 

Oat  Groats  are  the  kernels  of  the  oat  berry. 

Oat  Hulls  are  the  outer  chaffy  coverings  of  the  oat  grain. 

Oat  Middlings  are  the  floury  portions  of  the  oat  groat  obtained  in  the 
milling  of  rolled  oats. 

Oat  Shorts  are  the  covering  of  the  oat  grain  lying  immediately  inside 
the  hull,  being  a  fuzzy  material  carrying  with  it  considerable  portions  of 
the  fine  floury  part  of  the  groat  obtained  in  the  milling  of  rolled  oats. 

Clipped  Oat  By-Product  is  the  resultant  by-product  obtained  in  the 
manufacture  of  clipped  oats.  It  may  contain  light  chaffy  material  broken 
from  the  ends  of  the  hulls,  empty  hulls,  light,  immature  oats  and  dust. 
It  must  not  contain  an  excessive  amount  of  oat  hulls. 

Peanut  Products. 
Peanut  Oil  Cake  is  the  residue  after  the  extraction  of  part  of  the  oil 
by  pressure  or  solvents  from  peanut  kernels. 


358  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

Peanut  Oil  Meal  is  the  ground  residue  after  the  extraction  of  part  of 
the  oil  from  peanut  kernels. 

Unhnlled  Peanut  Oil  Feed  is  the  ground  residue  obtained  after  extrac- 
tion of  part  of  the  oil  from  whole  peanuts,  and  the  ingredients  shall  be 
designated  as  Peanut  Meal  and  Hulls. 

Rice  Products. 

Rice  Bran  is  the  cuticle  beneath  the  hull. 
Rice  Hulls  are  the  outer  chaffy  coverings  of  the  rice  grain. 
Rice  Polish  is  the  finely  powdered  material  obtained  in  polishing  the 
kernel. 

Wheat  Products. 

Wheat  Bran  is  the  coarse  outer  coatings  of  the  wheat  berry  obtained  in 
the  usual  commercial  milling  process  from  wheat  that  has  been  cleaned 
and  scoured. 

Shorts  or  Standard  Middlings  are  the  fine  particles  of  the  outer  and 
inner  bran  separated  from  bran  and  white  middlings. 

Wheat  White  Middlings  or  White  Middlings  are  that  part  of  the  offal 
of  wheat  intermediate  between  shorts  or  standard  middlings  and  red  dog. 

Shipstuff  or  Wheat  Mixed  Feed  is  a  mixture  of  the  products  other  than 
the  flour  obtained  from  the  milling  of  the  wheat  berry. 

Red  Dog  is  a  low  grade  wheat  flour  containing  the  finer  particles  of  bran. 

Wheat  Bran  with  Mill  Run  Screenings  is  pure  wheat  bran  plus  the 
screenings  which  were  separated  from  the  wheat  used  in  preparing  said 
bran. 

Wheat  Bran  with  Screenings  not  Exceeding  Mill  Run  is  either  wheat 
bran  with  the  whole  mill  run  of  screenings  or  wheat  bran  with  a  portion 
of  the  mill  run  of  screenings,  provided  that  such  portion  is  not  an  inferior 
portion  thereof. 

Miscellaneous  Products. 

Yeast  or  Vinegar  Dried  Grains  are  the  properly  dried  residue  from  the 
mixture  of  cereals,  malt  and  malt  sprouts  (sometimes  cottonseed  meal) 
obtained  in  the  manufacture  of  yeast  or  vinegar,  and  consists  of  corn  or 
corn  and  rye  from  which  most  of  the  starch  has  been  extracted,  together 
with  malt  added  during  the  manufacturing  process  to  change  the  starch 
to  sugars,  and  malt  sprouts  (sometimes  cottonseed  meal)  added  during 
the  manufacturing  process  to  aid  in  filtering  the  residue  from  the  wort 
and  serve  as  a  source  of  food  supply  for  the  yeast. 

Palm  Kernel  Oil  Meal  is  the  ground  residue  from  the  extraction  of 
part  of  the  oil  by  pressure  or  solvents  from  the  kernel  of  the  fruit  of 
Elaeis  guineensis  or  Elaeis  malanococca. 

Ivory  Nut  Meal  is  ground  ivory  nuts. 

Tentative  Definitions. 

Barley  Feed  is  the  entire  by-product  resulting  from  the  manufacture  of 
pearl  barley  made  from  clean  barley. 


INSPECTION    OF    I919.  359 

Barley  Mixed  Feed  is  the  entire  offal  from  the  milling  of  barley  flour 
from  clean  barley  and  is  composed  of  barley  hulls  and  barley  middlings. 

Dried  Beet  Pulp  is  the  material  obtained  by  drying  the  residue  from 
sugar  beets  which  have  been  extracted  in  the  process  of  manufacturing 
sugar  and  shall  not  contain  excessive  amounts  of  crowns,  tails  or  sand. 

Cocoanut  Oil  Meal  is  the  ground  residue  from  the  extraction  of  part 
of  the  oil  from  the  meat  of  the  cocoanut. 

Wheat  Bran  consists  of  the  coarse  outer  coatings  of  the  kernel  obtained 
in  the  usual  commercial  process  of  milling  from  wheat  that  has  been 
cleaned  and  scoured. 

Shorts  or  Standard  Middlings  consists  mostly  of  the  fine  particles  of 
bran  and  germ  and  contains  very  little  of  fibrous  offal  obtained  from  the 
"tail  of  the  mill." 

Gray  (or  total)  Shorts  consists  of  the  fine  particles  of  the  outer  bran, 
the  inner  or  "Bee-wing''  bran,  the  germ  and  the  offal  or  fibrous  material, 
obtained  in  the  last  reductions  in  milling. 

White  Shorts  or  White  Middlings  consists  of  a  smaller  portion  of  the 
fine  bran  particles  and  the  germ  and  a  much  greater  portion  of  the  fibrous 
offal  from  the  "tail  of  the  mill." 

Red  Dog  consists  of  a  mixture  of  low-grade  flour,  fine  particles  of  bran 
and  the  fibrous  offal  from  the   "tail  of  the  mill." 

Wheat  Mixed  Feed  consists  of  pure  wheat  bran  and  the  gray  or  total 
shorts  or  middlings  combined  in  the  proportions  obtained  in  the  usual 
process  of  commercial  milling. 

Wheat  Bran  and  Standard  Middlings  consists'  of  the  two  commodities 
as  defined  above  mixed  in  the  proportions  obtained  in  the  usual  process 
of  commercial  milling. 

(Note — If  to  any  of  the  foregoing  brands  of  feed  there  should  be  added  screenings, 
or  scourings,  as  hereinafter  defined,  either  ground  or  unground,  bolted  or  unbolted, 
such  brand  shall  be  so  registered,  labeled  and  sold  as  clearly  to  indicate  this  fact. 
The  word  "Screenings"  or  "Scourings"  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  appear  as  a  part 
of  the  name  or  brand  and  shall  be  printed  in  the  same  size  and  face  of  type  as  the 
remainder  of  the  brand  name.) 

Screenings  consists  of  the  smaller  imperfect  grains,  weed  seeds  and 
other  foreign  materials  having  feeding  value  separated  in  cleaning  the 
grain. 

Scourings  consists  of  such  portions  of  the  cuticle,  brush,  white  caps, 
dust  smut,  and  other  materials  as  are  separated  from  the  grain  in  the 
usual  commercial  process  of  scouring. 


INSPECTION  OF  1919. 

Remarks  on  Analyses. 

{Analyses  on  pages  370-393.) 

Cottonseed  Meal.  Of  the  fifteen  samples  examined  only  two 
exceeded  40  per  cent,  protein.  The  average  protein  content  is 
37.10  per  cent,  as  compared  with  36.01  per  cent,  the  preceding 


360  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

year.  Collectively  the  samples  have  exceeded  their  guaranties 
by  about  0.6  per  cent,  protein  and  1.4  per  cent.  fat.  The  average 
price  of  $82.67  is  an  increase  of  about  25  per  cent,  over  the  price 
a  year  ago.    Deficient  samples  are  noted  in  Table  III. 

Cottonseed  Feed.  Only  two  samples  were  examined,  one  of 
which  was  deficient  in  protein  and  contained  excess  fiber.  These 
two  brands  sold  at  cottonseed  meal  prices. 

Linseed  Meal.  The  quality  this  year,  as  judged  by  the 
protein  content,  is  lower  than  the  average  last  year  by  about  3 
per  cent.  The  price  has  ranged  from  $82.00  to  $93.00  per  ton. 
As  compared  with  cottonseed  meal  it  has  averaged  nearly  $3.00 
per  ton  higher  in  price  and  carried  4.3  per  cent,  less  protein. 

Wheat  Products.  The  quality  of  these  products  has  been  gen- 
erally satisfactory  and  guaranties  have  been  met  in  nearly  every 
instance.  Middlings  have  sharply  advanced  in  price,  the  average, 
$68.62,  being  about  $17.00  per  ton  more  than  the  average  in  191 8. 
The  price  of  wheat  feed  has  averaged  somewhat  less  than  last 
year. 

Rye,  Barley  and  Maize  Products  have  maintained  average 
quality  but  prices  have  considerably  advanced  in  most  cases. 

Miscellaneous  Feeds.  Peanut  oil  meal  has  sold  for  $75.00  to 
$81.00  per  ton  as  compared  with  $58.00  last  year.  No  samples 
of  velvet  bean  feed  have  been  found  in  this  inspection.  Appar- 
ently stock  becomes  accustomed  to  this  feed  rather  slowly  even 
in  mixture  although  no  trouble  of  this  sort  is  experienced  in  the 
South.  Copra  cake  meal  is  used  to  an  increasing  extent  as  an 
ingredient  of  mixed  feeds.  Its  proteins  are  of  a  desirable  kind 
and  both  fat  soluble  and  water  soluble  vitamines  are  present. 

Proprietary  Mixed  Feeds.  When  compounded  with  materials 
of  good  quality  these  feeds  possess  undoubted  merit.  The  variety 
of  sources  from  which  they  derive  their  nutrients  makes  possible 
a  supplementing  of  nutritive  qualities  which  modern  ideas  of 
efficient  feeding  endorse  as  a  rational  practice.  The  criticism 
of  them  is  that  on  account  of  their  variety,  they  furnish  an  outlet 
for  low-grade  materials  of  little  worth.  Some  of  these  show 
plainly  on  the  tags  the  ingredients  of  which  they  are  composed. 
While  the  law  in  this  State  does  not  require  such  information  it 
is  a  valuable  guide  to  the  feeder,  and  is  given  in  case  of  the 
following  brands : 


INSPECTION    OF    I919.  361 

Algrane  Milk  Feed.  Cottonseed  meal,  linseed  oil  meal,  corn  gluten 
feed,  ground  corn,  wheat  middlings  (with  screenings),  ground  barley, 
molasses,  one-half  of  one  per  cent,  salt,  oat  hulls,  shorts,  clippings  not 
over  600  pounds  per  ton. 

Bufceco  Chop  Feed.  Ground  corn,  oats  and  barley,  hominy  feed,  oat 
shorts  and  oat  hulls. 

Bufceco  Dairy  Feed.  Ground  corn,  wheat  bran  and  middhngs,  hominy 
feed,  corn  gluten  feed,  oat  shorts,  oat  middlings,  oat  hulls,  one-half  of 
one  per  cent.  salt. 

Bufceco  Horse  Feed.  Ground  corn,  oats  and  barley,  hominy  feed,  oat 
shorts,,  oat  hulls,  linseed  meal,  corn  gluten  feed,  wheat  middlings  contain- 
ing mill  run  ground  screenings,  one-half  of  one  per  cent.  salt. 

Crosby's  1918  Dairy  Ration.  Distillery  dried  grains,  cottonseed  meal, 
peanut  meal,  brewers'  dried  grains,  hominy  feed  and  oat  feed  (oat  hulls, 
oat  shorts  and  oat  middlings). 

Crosby's  Stock  Food.  Ground  barley,  ground  hominy  feed,  ground  oats, 
oat  feed  (oat  hulls,  oat  shorts,  oat  middlings). 

Emerald  Horse  Feed.  Cracked  corn,  oats,  barley,  alfalfa  meal  and 
molasses. 

H.  &  S.  Horse,  Mule  and  Dairy  Feed.  Crushed  flaxseed  meal,  old 
process  oil  meal,  alfalfa  meal,  dried  brewers'  and  distillers'  grains,  pure 
cane  syrup,  one-half  of  one  per  cent.  salt. 

Mystic  Feed.  Ground  oats  and  barley,  wheat  middlings,  corn  meal,  white 
hominy  feed,  oat  middlings,  oat  hulls,  old  process  oil  meal,  not  over  one 
per  cent.  salt. 

Pennant  Brand  Stock  Feed.  Fine  white  hominy  and  oat  by-products 
(oat  middlings,  hulls  and  shorts). 

Purina  Cow  Chow  Feed.  Old  process  linseed  oil  meal,  gluten  feed  from 
corn,  hominy  feed,  cottonseed  meal,  ground  alfalfa,  molasses  and  one 
per  cent.  salt. 

Purina  Pig  Chow.  Hominy  feed,  cane  molasses,  ground  barley,  gluten 
feed  from  corn,  cracked  com,  digester  tankage,  old  process  linseed  oil 
meal,  alfalfa,  charcoal,  one  per  cent.  salt. 

Big  Q  Dairy  Ration.  Cottonseed  meal,  corn  distillers'  grains,  corn 
gluten  feed,  old  process  linseed  oil  meal,  wheat  middlings,  wheat  bran 
(with  screenings  not  exceeding  mill  run),  oat  meal  mill  by-products  (oat 
middlings,  hulls  and  shorts),  hominy  feed,  yellow  hominy  feed,  one  per 
cent.  salt. 

Read  the  Tag  Dairy  Feed.  Cottonseed  meal,  corn  gluten  feed,  linseed 
oil  meal,  corn  meal,  hominy  feed,  ground  barley,  wheat  middhngs  (with 
mill  run  screenings),  molasses,  three-fourths  of  one  per  cent,  salt,  oat 
hulls  and  oat  shorts  not  over  225  pounds  per  ton. 

Biles  Ready  Dairy  Ration.  Corn  distillers'  grains,  choice  cottonseed 
meal,  old  process  linseed  meal,  white  wheat  middlings,  winter  wheat  bran, 
hominy  meal,  cocoanut  oil  meal,  corn  gluten  feed,  brewers'  dried  grains, 
barley  malt  sprouts,  one-half  per  cent,  fine  table  salt. 

Yellow  Tag  Stock  Feed.     Ground  barley,  ground  hominy  meal,  ground 


362 


CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 


corn,  oat  meal  mill  by-product  (oat  middlings,  shorts  and  hulls),  one-half 
of  one  per  cent.  salt.    Part  of  the  ingredients  have  been  cooked  or  steamed. 

Bufceco  Poultry  Mash.  Ground  corn,  wheat  bran  and  middlings,  hominy 
feed,  corn  gluten  feed,  oat  middlings,  rolled  oats,  one-half  of  one  per  cent, 
salt. 

H.-O.  Laying  Mash.  Linseed  oil  meal,  corn  gluten  feed,  bone  meal, 
ground  corn,  oat  middlings,  wheat  middlings,  wheat  bran  (with  mill  run 
screenings),  hominy  feed,  rolled  oats,  ground  peas. 

Tioga  Growing  Mash.  Wheat  middlings,  hominy  feed,  old  process 
linseed  oil  meal,  wheat  bran,  corn  feed  meal,  kafifir  corn  meal,  corn  gluten 
meal,  corn  gluten  feed,  phosphate  of  lime. 

Bicorn  Hog  Feed.  Digester  tankage,  corn  germ  meal,  wheat  middlings, 
hominy  feed,  corn  feed  meal,  barley,  oats,  Hnseed  meal,  bone  meal,  corn 
gluten  feed  and  salt. 

Summary  of  deficiencies.  Variations  from  guaranty  greater 
than  one  per  cent,  in  protein  and  fiber  and  one-quarter  of  one  per 
cent,  in  fat  together  with  other  points  of  criticism  revealed  by 
the  inspection  this  year  are  summarized  in  Table  III. 

Table  III. — Feeds  not  Conforming  to  Guaranties  or  Otherwise  Illegal. 


Brand  and  Manufacturer. 


a  « 


fH-O 


M  1) 


Remarks. 


13794 

13904 
13873 
13864 
1393 1 


13788 


13834 
13892 
13783 
13763 


13823 
13791 

13859 


13804 


Cottonseed  Meal. 
Buckeye  Cotton  Oil  Co.,  Cincinnati, 


Buckeye. 
Ohio 

Clover  Leaf.    Manufacturer  unknown 

Hall.    W.  D.  Hall  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga 

Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Richford,  Vt 

A-i.    Winner  Feed  Co.,  Chattanooga,  Tenn 


Beauty. 


Cottonseed  Feed. 
S.  P.  Davis,  Little  Rock,  Ark. 


Linseed  Meal. 
Archer  Daniels  Linseed  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Economic  Feed  Co.,  New  York 

Kelloggs  &  Miller,  Amsterdam,  N.  Y 

Spencer  Kellogg  &  Sons,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  .. . 


Wheat  Products. 
Bell  Cow  Bran.    Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 
Tekoe  Middlings.     Russell   Miller   Mills   Co., 

Minneapolis,  Minn 

Roberts  Roller  Mill.  Co.,  Batavia,  N.  Y 


Corn  Gluten  Feed. 
Cream  of  Corn.    American  Maize  Products  Co. 
Roby,  Ind 


% 


% 


1-75 


5-75 
1.44 


2.06 


0.37 


4-31 


Wire  tags,  illegal. 
Wire  tags,  illegal. 


Wire  tags,  illegal. 
Wire  tags,  illegal. 
Wire  tags,  illegal. 
Wire  tags,  illegal. 


No  guaranty. 
No  guaranty. 


Wire  tags,  illegal. 


INSPECTION    OF    I9I9. 


363 


Table  III. — Feeds  not  Conforming  to  Guaranties  or  Otherwise  Illegal^ — Continued. 


Brand  and  Manufacturer. 


o«3 


Remarks. 


Hominy  Feed. 
Bufceco.    Buffalo  Cereal  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y... 
Yellow.    Buffalo  Cereal  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  . . 

Cereal  Mills  Co.,  Wausau,  Wis 

Paragon.     Chas.  M.  Cox  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.  . . 

National  Feed  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo 

Burts.    Postum  Cereal  Co.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

Brewery  Products. 
Dried  Brewers'  Grains.    James  Hanley  Brew- 
ing Co.,  Providence,  R.  I 


% 


% 

0.40 
1.56 
1.20 
0.56 
0.76 
0.51 


Peanut  Meal, 
land,  Ga.  . . 


Miscellaneous. 
Richland  Cotton  Oil  Co. 


Rich- 


Proprietary  Mixed  Feeds. 

Red  Horn  Calf 'Meal.  Hales  &  Edwards  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Purina  Calf  Chow.  Purina  Mills,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

H.  &  S.    Dwight  E.  Hamlin,  Pittsburgh,'  Pa. . . 

Harvest.     Hales  &  Edwards  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Monogram.     Metropolitan  Mills,  New  York  . . 

Mystic.  Mystic  Milling  &  Feed  Co.,  Rochester, 
N.  Y 

Emerald.  Prairie  State  Milling  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Purina  Pig  Chow.    Purina  Mills,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Niagara.     Boston  Feed  Store,  Willimantic  . . . 

Yellow  Tag  Stock  Feed.  F.  L.  Cressey,  Bos- 
ton, Mass 

Iowa.    Purity  Oats  Co.,  Davenport,  Iowa 

Schumacker.    Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111... 

Winner.    David  Stott,  Detroit,  Mich 

Provender.    D.  L.  Talcott,  Torrington 

Niagara.    Boston  Feed  Store,  Willimantic 

H.  O.  Milk  Feed.  H.  O.  Co.'s  Mills,  Buffalo, 
N.  Y 

Read  the  Tag.     H.  O.  Co.'s  Mills,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Gold  Flake.    Hales  &  Edwards  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

Barf  ords.  Meech  &  Stoddard,  Inc.,  Middletown 

Purina  Cow  Chow.  Purina  Mills,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Syragold.  Syracuse  Milling  Co.,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

Poultry  Feeds. 
Buffalo   Laying   Mash.     Globe   Elevator   Co., 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Red  Comb  Mash  Feed.    Hales  &  Edwards  Co., 

Chicago,  111 


2.56 
3-31 


0.58 
1.19 
1.96 
0.31 
1. 12 


0.60 


0.26 
0.26 
0.60 


1.50 


0.49 
0.51 
0.50 
0.71 

0.49 
0.41 


3.58 
0.42 


% 


Wire  tags,  illegal. 


Wire  tags,  illegal. 


1.03 


1.41 
323 
1.77 


1.17 


Wire  tags,  illegal. 


No  guaranty. 


No  guaranty. 
No  guaranty. 


364  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

Feeds  Containing  Molasses.  As  in  previous  years  feeds  con- 
taining molasses  have  been  examined  for  fat  both  by  the  official 
method  and  by  extraction  after  removing  sugar  by  washing  with 
water. 

Results  by  the  two  methods  are  as  follows  : 

Table  IV.    Fat  in  Molasses  Feeds. 

Official  Modified 
No.  Brand.  Method.  Method.  Guaranty. 

%  %              % 

13743  Peters  King  Corn  Horse  and  Mule  Feed  . .  0.77  1.47  1.50 

13747     Emerald  Horse  Feed  0.61  1.40  2.00 

13762     Purina  Molene  Feed   4.60  3.64  3.20 

13765     Eshelman's  40  Horse  Feed  2.06  2.16  2.00 

13811     Greenfield   Brand 0.45  0.94  0.50 

13826    Allstock  Molasses  Grains    2.34  3.18  2.00 

13831     Monogram  Feed   1.22  1.88  3.00 

13833     Bufceco  Horse  Feed   4.69  3.52  4.00 

13848     Harvest  Horse  Feed  1.39  1.69  2.00 

13871     Lancaster  Horse  Feed  2.63  2.70  2.50 

1389s     Harvest  Horse  Feed  1.29  2.03  2.00 

13912  Sucrene  Dairy  Feed 3.91    -    4.39  3.50 

13913  H.  &  S.  Horse,  Mule  and  Dairy  Feed 0.90  1.54  3.50 

13919    Mystic  Feed,  Horse,  Cattle  &  Sw^ine 3.99  2.77  3.00 

In  eleven  cases  the  results  after  removing  sugar  were  higher 
than  those  by  the  regular  official  method;  in  three  cases  they 
were  lower. 


MISCELLANEOUS  SAMPLES. 

Velvet  Beans. 

Analyses  have  been  made  of  three  of  the  principal  varieties  of 
velvet  beans,  samples  of  which  were  obtained  through  the  courtesy 
of  the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry  at  Washington. 

Variety                                                       Osceola.         Alabama.  Georgia. 

%                    %  % 

Moisture     9.79              7.42  y.y2, 

Ash    3.22              3.22  3.02 

Protein    (N.  x  6.25)    25.25            24.81  23.85 

Fiber    5.65              5.35  6.72 

Starch 32.50            32.88  32.02 

Other  nitrogen-free  extract    19.29            20.03  20.61 

Ether  extract   4.30              6.29  6.05 


miscellaneous  samples.  365 

Samples  Submitted  by  the  Dairy  Commissioner. 

Two  samples  were  examined ;  12523,  Morgan  B  Stock  Feed, 
and  15954,  Brewers'  Grains,  contained  15.63  per  cent,  and  17.31 
per  cent,  of  protein,  respectively.  These  numbers  are  of  the 
Commissioner's  series. 

Samples  Submitted  by  Individuals. 

Barley  Feed.  13382,  sent  by  E.  Manchester  and  Sons,  Winsted, 
contained  12.25  per  cent,  protein,  10.25  per  cent,  fiber  and  3.86 
per  cent,  fat  and  conformed  to  its  guaranty. 

Corn  Products.  13404,  Fancy  Cracked  Corn  (degerminated), 
manufactured  by  the  Krause  Milling  Co.  and  sent  by  Chas.  M. 
Cox  Co.,  Boston. 

13399,  Corn  Meal,  sent  by  A.  B.  Congdon,  Middletown. 

14243,  Gluten  Feed,  sent  by  Frank  C.  Beach,  New  Milford. 

12368,  Hominy  Feed,  sent  by  The  P.  Schwartz  Co.,  Inc.,  New 
London. 

14390,  Corn  and  Cob  Meal,  sent  by  A.  Bender,  Port  Chester, 
N.  Y. 

Analyses  of  these  materials  are  as  follows : 

13404  13399  14243  12368  14390 

Moisture     12.93  5.78            

A-sh 0.39  3.43            

Protein    8.88  13.25  27.38  11. 19  8.63 

Fiber    0.26  ....  5.64  ....  .... 

Nitrogen-free  extract    77-24  ....  5448  ....  .... 

Fat    0.30  ....  3.29  ....  .... 

Cottonseed  Meal.  12381,  12946,  American  Cotton  Oil  Co.; 
12436,  12739,  Park  and  Pollard  Co. ;  12603,  Deutsch  &  Sickert 
Co. ;  12738,  E.  Crosby  &  Co.,  all  sent  by  The  Coles  Company, 
Middletown. 

12467,  sent  by  E.  J.  Wells,  Jr.,  East  Windsor  Hill. 

13160,  Pioneer,  sent  by  Wood  Ford  Farm,  Avon. 

13512,  Danish,  sent  by  Wm.  E.  Wheelock,  Quinebaug;  14180, 
sent  by  Humphreys-Goodwin  Co.,  the  same  being  a  portion  of  a 
sample  taken  by  Mr.  Wheelock  from  the  same  lot  as  sample  13512 
and  sent  by  him  to  them  at  their  request. 

14303,  sent  by  H.  H.  McKnight,  Ellington. 

Analyses  of  these  samples  are  as  follows : 


366  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 


Station  No. 

Protein  found. 

Protein  guaranteed. 

% 

% 

I2381 

35.81 

36.00 

12946 

36.63 

36.00 

12436 

40.94 

36.00 

12739 

35 -oo 

36.00 

12603 

36.81 

36.00 

12738 

31.75 

36.00 

12467 

43.44 

Unit  basis 

13160 

40.44 

41.00 

135 12 

34-31 

36.00 

I4180 

36.31 

14303 

35.31 

A  recheck  on  our  sample  13512,  made  in  this  laboratory,  sub- 
stantiated our  original  result. 

Oat  Products.  12605,  Ground  Oats,  sent  by  B.  W.  Ellis, 
County  Agent,  Putnam,  and  13629,  sent  by  Almon  N.  Perkins, 
Litchfield,  contained  11.63  P^^  cent,  and  14.00  per  cent,  protein 
respectively. 

Wheat  Products.  13383,  Big  Diamond  Standard  Middlings, 
sent  by  Henry  Peacock,  Wilton,  contained  15.75  P^Ji"  cent,  protein, 
8.05  per  cent,  fiber  and  5.20  per  cent.  fat.  The  sample  conformed 
to  its  guaranty. 

12920,  Middlings,  sent  by  M.  Hurwitz  &  Co.,  Stepney,  to  be 
examined  for  foreign  material.  Examination  showed  no  material 
other  than  wheat  products. 

Proprietary  Mixed  Feeds.  14244,  Dairy  Feed,  sent  by  Frank 
C.  Beach,  New  Milford. 

14392,  Eshelman's  24  Dairy  Feed,  sent  by  Fairlea  Farm, 
Orange. 

12282,  Federal  Stock  Food,  sent  by  Frank  S.  Piatt  Co.,  New 
Haven. 

12462,  Stock  Feed,  sent  by  C.  A.  Cowles,  Plantsville. 

12497,  Sweet  Stock  Feed,  made  by  Metropolitan  Mills,  N.  Y., 
composed  of  unground  oat  feed,  cocoanut  oil  meal,  dried  brewers' 
grains  and  molasses. 

12546,  W.  &  C.  Dairy  Feed,  mixed  and  sent  by  Boston  Grain 
Store,  Willimantic. 

12702,  Davis  Stock  Feed,  mixed  and  sent  by  R.  G.  Davis  and 
Sons,  New  Haven. 

13395,  Ideal  Cow  Ration,  sent  by  Washington  Supply  Co.,  Inc., 
Washington  Depot, 


MISCELLANEOUS    SAMPLES.  367 

12887,  Barford's  Balanced  Dairy  Ration,  sent  by  Meech  and 
Stoddard,  Inc.,  Middletown,  composed  of  ground  oats,  barley, 
wheat  bran,  standard  middlings,  gluten  feed,  peanut,  cocoanut  and 
linseed  meals. 

14027,  Barford's  Balanced  Dairy  Ration,  sent  by  Connecticut 
State  Hospital,  Middletown. 

14236,  Barford's  Balanced  Dairy  Ration,  sent  by  Meech  and 
Stoddard,  Inc.,  Middletown. 

12474,  Morgan's  Balanced  Ration,  sent  by  The  Hubbell  Coal 
and  Storage  Co.,  Saugatuck. 

14340,  Morgan's  Balanced  Ration,  sent  by  The  A.  E.  Plant 
Sons  Co.,  Branford. 

14245,  Dairy  Ration,  sent  by  Mrs.  I.  E.  Bauch,  Woodbury. 

12185,  Dairy  Feed,  sent  by  R.  M.  Fenn,  Middlebury. 

14388,  Holsum  Horse  Feed,  and  14389,  King  Corn,  sent  by 
Lewis  Sperry,  Hartford. 

12883,  Special  Mixture.  Analysis  requested  by  J.  P.  Stillson, 
New  Preston. 

12746,  sent  by  G.  W.  Thorpe,  West  Cheshire. 

12307,  sent  by  Daniel  H.  Morgan,  Southport. 

Analyses  of  these  feeds  are  as  follows : 

Table  V.    Analyses  of  Miscellaneous  Proprietary  Feeds. 


Station 

Nitrogen-free 

No. 

Moisture. 

Ash. 

Protein. 

Fiber. 

Extract. 

Fat. 

% 

% 

% 

% 

% 

% 

14244 

6.31 

S.18 

21.94 

9.66 

51.45 

5-46 

14392 

6.91 

6.30 

24.06 

II. 14 

45.87 

5.72 

12282 

12.98 

7.06 

5.25 

12462 

9.12 

3.83 

7.81 

13.52 

62.69 

3-03 

12497 

5-53 

7.61 

7-13 

13.70 

64.06 

1.97 

12546 

6.99 

17.88 

4.01 

12702 

8.32 

10.94 

4.09 

13395 

11.92 

4.02 

21.13 

8.13 

49.79 

5.01 

12887 

10.80 

4.94 

20.00 

7.50 

50.25 

6.51 

14027 

6.84 

4.86 

20.50 

8.64 

52.14 

7.02 

14236 

9.60 

5.18 

21.25 

10.91 

47.78 

5.28 

12474 

5-52 

7.04 

15.75 

14.04 

46.73 

10.92 

14340 

22.31 

14245 

8.83 

5.07 

20.75 

16.97 

43.83 

4-55 

1218s 

7.39 

7.06 

22.25 

11.33 

47.38 

4-59 

14388 

5-20 

7.80 

10.13 

14.97 

60.19 

1.71 

14389 

5.04 

7.88 

11.88 

15.25 

58.00 

1.95 

12883 

10.39 

4.66 

22.50 

9.14 

48.23 

5-08 

12746 

7.06 

18.94 

9.00 

12307 

18.06 

.... 

368  CONNECTICUT    EXPERIMENT    STATION    BULLETIN    221. 

Poultry  Feeds,  etc.  13412,  Meat  Meal,  and  13413,  Meat  Scrap, 
sent  by  Z.  N.  Beach,  Wallingford,  contained  83.75  per  cent,  and 
50.00  per  cent,  protein  respectively. 

13033,  13034,  13035,  Beef  Scraps,  and  13036,  Meat  and  Bone 
Scraps,  sent  by  L.  C.  Orcutt,  Rockville,  contained  44.63  per  cent., 
43.38  per  cent.,  57.00  per  cent.,  and  41.00  per  cent,  protein  in  the 
order  named. 

12472,  Dry  Mash,  sent  by  S.  M.  Crowell,  Middletown,  con- 
tained 23.19  per  cent,  protein. 

Unclassified.  13351,  Extravim  Feed  Molasses,  sent  by  E.  D. 
Curtis,  Bantam.  Examination  and  analysis  of  this  material 
showed  the  following  results : 

Color,,  very  dark;  odor  and  taste  normal;  total  solids  71.14  per  cent.; 
total  reducing  sugar  50.85  per  cent,  (sucrose  30.63  per  cent.,  invert  sugar 
20.22  per  cent.)  ;   nitrogen  1.39  per  cent. 

The  material  is  probably  the  so-called  "third  molasses"  obtained 
in  the  manufacture  of  sugar  and  used  in  the  preparation  of 
molasses  feeds. 

14171,  Cull  beans,  sent  by  Edw.  P.  Smith  and  Co.,  Baltimore. 
They  contained  8.86  per  cent,  moisture,  5.33  per  cent,  ash,  25.13 
per  cent,  protein,  3.99  per  cent,  fiber,  55.00  per  cent,  nitrogen-free 
extract  and  1.69  per  cent.  fat. 

Proprietary  Remedies.  13648,  More  Egg  Tonic,  2-4-1,  and 
13649,  Little  Champions,  a  White  Diarrhoea  Remedy,  both 
samples  sent  by  the  Associated  Advertising  Clubs  of  the  World, 
New  York. 

More  Egg  Tonic  is  claimed  to  increase  or  double  tgg  produc- 
tion ;  and  Little  Champions  are  claimed  to  be  a  preventative  and 
cure  for  white  diarrhoea  in  chicks. 

Examination  and  analysis  of  these  remedies  showed  the  fol- 
lowing composition: 

13648.  Tablets  averaged  0.4780  gram  each.  Total  nitrogen  1.36  per 
cent.;  nitrogen  in  nitrates  1.03  per  cent.;  total  ash  18.95  per  cent,  (con- 
tains chiefly  sulphates,  potassium,  iron  and  calcium);  fenugreek  present; 
ginger  present ;    possibly  gentian. 

The  tablets  consist  essentially  of  ferrous  sulphate,  salt  peter 
and  ground  roots  or  herbs  or  both,  ingredients  which  are  widely 
used  in  poultry  remedies  and  conditioners. 


MISCELLANEOUS    SAMPLES.  369 

13649.  Tablets  averaged  oa689  gram  each.  Ash  0.14  per  cent.;  organic 
and  volatile  99.86  per  cent. ;  mercuric  chloride  60.65  P^i"  cent. ;  filler  unde- 
termined;   organic  matter  present. 

These  tablets  contain  bichloride  of  mercury  as  the  chief  medica- 
ment with  unidentified  organic  material  probably  used  as  a  vehicle. 

A  great  deal  of  study  has  been  given  to  the  subject  of  white 
diarrhoea  at  the  Storrs  Station  where  the  bacterium  causing  the 
disease  was  discovered.  There  is  no  recognized  cure  for  it  and 
the  claims  made  for  this  remedy  are  unjustified. 

Feeds  suspected  of  containing  poisonous  materials,  etc.  Com- 
plaints are  occasionally  received  that  certain  feeds  have  apparently 
produced  sickness  or  death,  or  that  animals  refuse  to  eat  them. 
Conclusive  evidence  that  sickness  or  death  has  resulted  from  a 
particular  feed  is  difficult  to  establish,  although  the  circumstances 
may  strongly  indicate  such  conclusions  in  some  cases.  Unless 
toxic  chemical  substances  can  be  detected  a  satisfactory  explana- 
tion as  to  the  probable  cause  of  the  trouble  can  seldom  be  given. 
Feeding  experiments,  particularly  in  Canada,  have  shown  quite 
conclusively  that  certain  weed  seeds,  such  as  the  mustards,  pro- 
duce ill  or  fatal  results  in  animals,  especially  hogs.  A  refusal  to 
eat  a  certain  ration  may  indicate  the  presence  of  some  unpalatable 
ingredient.  Velvet  beans,  for  example,  are  not  relished  by 
animals  unaccustomed  to  such  fodder. 

Eight  samples  of  suspicious  feeds  have  been  examined  during 
the  past  year.  In  six  of  these  unpalatability  due  to  some  ingre- 
dient to  which  the  animals  were  not  accustomed  seemed  to  be 
the  only  explanation  that  could  be  made.  12775,  Starch  Feed, 
containing  "lumps,"  was  sent  for  identification  of  the  foreign 
material.  The  "lumps"  were  rock  phosphate.  12856,  Middlings, 
suspected  of  containing  foreign  material,  appeared  to  be  a  genuine 
wheat  product. 


370 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN  221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


13898 

13879 
13872 

13934 

I3794t 
I 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


13873! 
13744 

13904 

13756 

13864 

13817 
13803 

13852 

1393 1 


Oil  Seed  Products. 

Cottonseed  Meal. 

Paramount.    Ashcraft  Wilkins  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga. 


Dove.  F.  W.  Erode  &  Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn. 
Jay.  F.  W.  Erode  &  Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn.  . . 
Jay.     F.  W.  Erode  &  Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn.  . . 


Retail  Dealer. 


Buckeye.    Buckeye  Cotton  Oil  Co.,  Cincinnati, 
Ohio   

Good  Luck.    S.  P.  Davis,  Little  Rock,  Ark.  . . . 


Hall.    W.  D.  Hall  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga. 


Danish.      Humphreys,    Godwin    Co.,    Memphis, 
Tenn 

Clover  Leaf,    Manufacturer  unknown 

Upland.    Park  &  Pollard  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.  . . 
Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Richford,  Vt 


13870 


Puritan.    J.  E.  Soper  Co.,  Boston,  Mass 

Good.     Taylor  Commission  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga.  . . 

Surety.    Union  Seed  &  Fertz.  Co.,  Macon,  Ga. 

A-i.    Winer  Feed  Co.,  Chattanooga,  Tenn.  ... 


Cottonseed  Feed. 
Goodlow.    M.  F.  Baringer,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Middletown  :    Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 

Brookfield:    C.  R.  Dubia  .... 

Guaranty 

Stamford :    C.  E.  Slauson  Co. 

Guaranty 

Rockville :    Rockville  Milling 

Co 

Guaranty • 

Granby :   E.  H.  Rollins 

Guaranty 

New  Milford :   Geo.  E.  Ackley 

Co 

Guaranty 

Stamford :   W.  L.  Crabb  .... 

Guaranty 

Shelton :     Ansonia    Flour    & 

Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Middletown:    Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 

Watertown:    M.  D.  Leonard 

Co 

Guaranty 

Saugatuck :    Hubbell  Coal  & 

j      Storage  Co 

I  Guaranty 

I  Plantsville  :   C.  A.  Cowles  . . . 

Guaranty 

Hazardville:     A.   D.   Bridges 

Sons  

Guaranty 

Meriden:     Meriden   Grain   & 

Feed  Co 

Guaranty 

New  Haven:    R.  G.  Davis  & 

Sons  

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  


South  Norwalk: 
Guaranty 


S.  Roodner 


Wire  tags. 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919. 


371 


Water. 

6.74 
7-30 
'5.78 

7-59 
7.01 

8.00 
7-95 

7.40 

7-55 

6.89 

8.70 
7.29 

7.28 

7-95 

6.99 

7.36 

7.42 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


6.18 

6.55 
6.55 

6.35 
5.65 

6.90 
6.0s 

6.53 

6.17 

5.83 

5-31 
6.13 

6.00 

5-63 

5.78 

'6. 1 1 


Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 


39-13 
36.00 
40.19 
38.63 
37-94 
36.00 

36.06 
36.00 
36.19 
36.00 

43-63 
41.00 
37-88 
36.00 

36.38 
36.00 

34-25 
36.00 

34-69 
36.00 

30.25 
36.00 

39-69 
36.00 

37-94 
36.00 

37-75 
36.00 

34-56 
36.00 

36.51 
37.10 
31.2 


36.38 
36.00 


Fiber. 


I2.II 
14.00 

11-59 
12.00 

10.86 
14.00 

12.41 
14.00 
12.46 
14.00 

9-65 
9.00 

12.95 
14.00 

11.22 
15.00 

12.92 


15-81 


18.31 
14.00 
10.96 
15.00 

11.96 


11.98 
14.00 

13  94 
14.00 

12.61 
4-7 


12.47 
16.00 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


29.18 
27.00 
27.66 
22.00 
31.22 
30.00 

31-44 
30.00 
31.56 
30.00 

23.62 

29.29 
27.00 

31.18 
25.00 

31-78 


31-42 


32.20 
27.00 
28.63 
30.00 

29.88 


30.10 
27.00 

31.72 
27.00 

30.06 
22.5 


31.22 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


6.66 

$84- 

00 

5-50 

6.71 

87- 

00 

6.00 

7.6s 

84- 

00 

5-00 

6.15 

83- 

00 

5-00 

7.12 

82. 

00 

5-00 

8.20 

88. 

00 

6.00 

5.88 

70 

00 

S.50 

7-29 

86 

00 

5-00 

7-33 

84 

00 

5-00 

5-36 

82 

00 

S-oo 

S-23 

8S 

00 

500 

7-30 

82 

00 

5-00 

6.94 

80 

00 

7.00 

6.59 

■80 

00 

5-50 

7.01 

83 

00 

5-50 

5-37 

6.76 

82 

67 

6.4 

6.62 

84 

00 

5.00 

Price 
per 

ton. 


3T' 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 

No. 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Retail  Dealer. 


13788 


13816 
13822 
13834! 

13892! 
13783! 
13763! 
13893 


13849* 

13795* 
13829 
13746* 
13844* 

13857* 

13886 

1377I 


Oil  Seed  Products — Concluded. 
Cottonseed  Feed — Concluded. 
Beauty.    S.  P.  Davis,  Little  Rock,  Ark. 


Linseed  Meal,  Old  Process. 
Oil  Meal.    American  Linseed  Co.,  New  York  . 

Amco.    American  Milling  Co.,  Peoria,  111 

Ground  Oil  Cake.    Archer  Daniels  Linseed  Co., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Economic  Feed  Co.,  New  York 

Oil  Meal.     Kelloggs  &  Miller,  Amsterdam,  N.  Y. 

Oil  Meal.     Spencer  Kellogg  &  Sons,  Buffalo, 

N.  Y 

Oil  Meal.    The  Mann  Bros.  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Wheat  Products. 
Wheat  Bran. 
Commander.     Commander  Mill.  Co.,  Minneap- 
olis, Minn 

Fancy.    C.  C.  Davison,  Geneva,  N.  Y 

Gwinn's.    Gwinn  Milling  Co.,  Columbus,  Ohio.. 

Wm.  Hamilton  &  Son,  Honeoye  Falls,  N.  Y... 

The  Hogan  Milling  Co.,  Junction  City,  Kans. . . 

Hunter  Milling  Co.,  Wellington,  Kans 

Majestic  Milling  Co.,  Aurora,  Mo 

Ogilvie  Flour  Mill.  Co.,  Winnipeg,  Canada 


Simsbury :     Woods-Chandler 

Co 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  diges.ible  

Plantsville:    C.  A.  Cowles  ... 

Guaranty 

West  Cheshire :  G.  W.  Thorpe 

Guaranty 

Thompsonville :      George     S. 

Phelps  Co 

Guaranty 

Hamden  :    I.  W.  Beers 

Guaranty 

Canaan :   Ives  &  Pierce 

Guaranty 

Torrington  :    D.  L.  Talcott  . . 

Guaranty 

Branford:  S.  V.  Osborne  ... 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  

New  Britain:  C.  W.  Lines  Co. 

Guaranty 

West  Suffiield:   S.  J.  Orr  .... 

Guaranty 

Hartford:    Meech  Grain  Co. 

Guaranty 

Derby :    Peterson-Hendee  Co. 

Guaranty 

Manchester:     Little    &    Mc- 

Kinney  

Guaranty 

Wallingford:    E.  E.  Hall  .... 

Guaranty 

New  Milford :    Geo.  T.  Soule 

Guaranty • 

Torrington:    F.  L.  Wadhams 

&  Son 

Guaranty 


With  screenings. 


Wire  tags. 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


\73 


Water. 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


Protein. 
.X6.25) 


(N 


Fiber. 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


Price 

per 


7.66 

7-54 

8.13 
8.59 

9.09 
950 
8.is 
9.60 

9-93 
8.99 

9-94 
9.18 

9-05 
10.06 

9.86 

10.14 

9.69 

8.95 


5-90 

5-90 

5-76 
6.46 

5-76 
5-73 
6.15 
6.21 
5.82 


683 
7-iS 
6.10 

6.73 

6.33 
6.94 

5-73 
6.10 


35-00 
36.00 
36.00 
35-69 
20.8 

34-50 
34.00 
30.50 
30.00 

33-75 
33-00 
33-44 
33-0O 
31-44 
31-00 

30.94 
33-00 

35-19 
33-00 
32.83^ 
32.82 
29.2 


14-75 
12.00 
15.69 
15.00 
16.13 
13.00 
14.69 
13-15 

15.69 
14.50 
15-75 
14-50 
16.31 
14.00 

17-50 
13.00 


15.84 
14.00 
15-00 
14.16 
6.4 

7.38 

87i 


7.29 
10.00 

8.27 
10.00 

7-55 
9.00 

7-77 

7-77 
10.00 

7.82 
4-5 


11.06 

10.17 

8-49 

9-76 
10.97 

9-95 
11.00 
10.76 

8.92 
14.00 

10.08 


29.58 

30.39 
18.5 

38.00 
37-99 

37-6o 
36.16 
40.98 

39-43 
34.22 

37-78 
29-5 

52.82 
53-58 
56.  i6 
54-70 

53-62 
52.05 

55-25 
50.00 

51.64 


6.02 

$80.00 

6.00 

5-50 

6.32 

82.00 

5-7 

6.23 

82.00 

5-00 

7-75 

86.00 

6.00 

6.57 

82.00 

6.00 

6.90 

89.00 

8.00 

5-73 

84.00 

4.00 

6.05 

8200 

5-00 

7.07 

93-00 

6.00 

6.16^ 

6.61 

85.42 

5-9 

4.60 

50.00 

4.00 

4-33 

72.00 

4.00 

4-07 

51.00 

4.00 

4.06 

52.00 

3-00 

4-55 

52.00 

3-50 

4-36 

48.00 

3-50 

4.10 

50.00 

3-75 

5-73 

52.00 

4.00 

^  Average  of  six  guaranties. 


374 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Retail  Dealer. 


13929 

13894 
13823* 

13839* 
13907* 

13807* 
13858* 

13750* 


Wheat  Products — Continued. 

Wheat  Bran — Concluded. 

Phoenix  Milling  Co.,  Davenport,  Iowa 

Winter.     Quaker  City  Flour  Mills  Co.,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa 

Bell  Cow.    Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111 

T.   &   C.   Thornton  and   Chester   Milling  Co., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Sun  Beam.     Schultz,  Baujan  &  Co.,  Beards- 
town,  111 

Geo.  Urban  Milling  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Valier's.    Valier  &  Spies  Milling  Co.,  St  Louis, 
Mo 

Washburn-Crosby  Co.,  Minneapolis,  Minn 


13775 

13824 
13748 

13761 


13820* 
13843* 

13793 


Wheat  Feed  {Mixed  Feed). 
Boston.     Duluth  Superior  Milling  Co.,  Duluth, 
Minn 


Frazee's.  James  Frazee  Mill.  Co.,  Baldwinsville, 
N.  Y 

Snow  Flake.  Lawrenceburg  Flour  Mills  Co., 
Lawrenceburg,  Ind 


Planet.  Northwestern  Consolidated  Co.,  Minne- 
apolis, Minn 

Fancy.  Pillsbury  Flour  Mills  Co.,  Miinneapolis, 
Minn 


Fancy.    Pillsbury  Flour  Mills  Co.,  Minneapolis, 

Minn 

Buckeye.    Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111 


Occident.      Russell    Miller    Mills    Co.,    Minne- 
apolis, Minn 


Rockville:    Rockville  Milling 

Co 

Guaranty 

Guilford:  Morse  &  Landon. . 

Guaranty 

West  Cheshire  :  G.  W.  Thorpe 

Guaranty 

Thompsonville :      George     S. 

Phelps  &  Co 

Guaranty 

New   London :     P.    Schwartz 

Co 

Guaranty 

Unionville:   F.  D.  Lawton  ... 

Guaranty 

North    Haven :     Cooperative 

Feed  Co 

Guaranty 

Ansonia:    Ansonia    Flour   & 

Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  

Winsted :     E.    Manchester    & 

Sons  

Guaranty 

West  Cheshire :  G.  W.  Thorpe 

Guaranty 

Ansonia :     Ansonia    Flour    & 

Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Litchfield  :  The  Wadhams  Co. 

Guaranty 

New  Milford :  Geo.  E.  Ackley 

Co 

Guaranty 

Plantsville :   C.  A.  Cowles  . . . 

Guaranty 

Manchester:     Little    &    Mc- 

Kinney  

Guaranty 

Granby :   E.  H.  Rollins 

Guaranty 


*  With  screenings. 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


175 


Water. 


10.28 
10.03 
'8.38 

8.20 

9-54 
9.24 

9.72 

9.46 

9.42 


ro.02 
9-54 

9-6s 
10.24 

9-97 
9.78 

9-05 
9-34 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


6.55 

6.50 

5-75 
6.60 

7.90 
6.83 

6.55 
6.88 

6.59 


463 
5.23 

6.09 

5.00 

4.91 
4.91 

5.85 
5-50 


Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 


16.44 
14-31 
16.06 
13.00 
16.13 
15-30 

15-19 
14.00 

15-19 
15.00 

15-19 
14.00 

17.81 
14-50 


i7-o6 
15.00 
16.19 
14.00 

17-94 
14.00 
17.88 
15.00 

17.06 
14.00 
17.00 
14.00 

16.75 
15-50 
16.69 
15.00 


15-38 

9.81 

13.00 

13.89 

1587 

9-94 

12.0 

4-3 

Fiber. 


9.26 

9-54 

9.71 
7.60 

9-95 


"•34 
10.00 

10.43 
12.50 

977 
10.00 


8.72 

V-is 
12.00 

7-89 
5-88 

7.08 
8.07 

8.64 
8.41 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


53-38 
53-62 

54-90 
56.00 

55-63 


51-33 
56.00 

53-22 


5 1 -30 
50.00 

53-65 


53-61 
40.3 


53-94 
57-08 

53-90 
55-69 

56.59 
55-48 

54-69 
54-30 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


4.09 

$56.00 

3-73 

4-25 

52.00 

3.00 

5-13 

48.00 

5-50 

4-43 

50.00 

4.00 

4.70 

50.00 

3-50 

5-09 

48.00 

3-50 

4-85 

48.00 

3-50 

4.82 

49.00 

4.00 

3.78 

4-57 

51-75 

2.8 

5.63 

61.00 

4.00 
4.78 

61.00 

3-50 

4-53 

5900 

3-00 
5-31 

60.00 

4.00 

4-39 

62.00 

4.00 
4.76 

58.00 

4.00 

5-02 

59-00 

4-50 
5-76 

58.00 

4-50 

Price 

per 
ton. 


376 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 

No. 


13752 
13769 

13850* 
13837* 

I3914* 

I 381 2* 
13777 


13877 
13796 
13745 
1 3791 
13838 

13930 

13827 
I384I 
13782 
13859 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Wheat  Products — Continued. 
Wheat  Feed  {Mixed  Feed) — Concluded. 
Gold  Mine.    Sheffield  King  Milling  Co.,  Minne- 
apolis, Minn 


Stott's    Honest. 
Detroit,  Mich. 


Retail  Dealer. 


David    Stott's    Flour    Mills,  i 


Angelus.  Thompson  Milling  Co.,  Lockport, 
N.  Y 

T.  &  C.  Thornton  &  Chester  Milling  Co., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.  

Victor.    Victor  Milling  Co.,  Victor,  N.  Y 


Washburn-Crosby  Co.,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 
Kent.     Williams  Bros.  Co.,  Kent,  Ohio  . . 


Wheat  Middlings. 
Bay    State.     Bay    State   Milling   Co.,   Winona, 

Minn ^. . . . 

Fancy.    C.  C.  Davison,  Geneva,  N.  Y 

Wm..  Hamilton  &  Son,  Honeoye  Falls,  N.  Y.  . . 

Tekoe  Flour  Middlings.  Russell  Miller  Mills 
Co.,  Minneapolis,  Minn 

Choice.  Niagara  Milling  Co.,  Niagara  Falls, 
N.  Y 

Shorts.     Phoenix  Milling  Co.,  Davenport,  Iowa 


B.  Pillsbury  Flour  Mills  Co.,  Minneapolis, 
Minn 

XX  Daisy.  Pillsbury  Flour  Mills  Co.,  Minne- 
apolis, Minn. 

Quaker  City.  Quaker  City  Flour  Mills  Co., 
Philadelphia,  Pa 

Roberts  Roller  Mill  Co.,  Batavia,  N.  Y 


Waterbury :      Spencer    Grain 

Co 

Guaranty 

Torrington :    F.  L.  Wadhams 

&  Son 

Guaranty 

New  Britain  :  C.  W.  Lines  Co. 

Guaranty 

Thompsonville :      George     S. 

Phelps  &  Co 

Guaranty 

Norwich :    Chas.   Slosberg  & 

Son 

Guaranty 

Plainville :   Eaton  Bros 

Guaranty 

Winsted:     E.    Manchester    & 

Son 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  

Danbury:    F.  C.  Benjamin  .. 

Guaranty 

West  Suffield :   S.  J.  Ora  . . . . 

Guaranty 

Derby :    Peterson-Hendee  Co. 

Guaranty 

Granby :   E.  H.  Rollins 

Guaranty 

Thompsonville :      George     S. 

Phelps  Co 

Guaranty 

Rockville:    Rockville  Milling 

Co 

Guaranty 

Harttord :  Meech  Grain  Co . . 

Guaranty 

So.  Manchester :  G.  W.  Strant 

Guaranty 

Canaan  :   Ives  &  Pierce 

Guaranty 

North    Haven :      Cooperative 

Feed  Co 

Guaranty , 


With  screenings. 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


377 


Water. 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


Protein. 
(N.X6.2S) 


Fiber, 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


Price 
per 
ton. 


945 

9.96 
9.27 

8.95 

10.92 
9-03 

9-55 

9-65 

11.05 
'8.92 
10.07 
10.37 

9.83 

10.95 
8.69 

II. 10 
905 

9.86 


5-50 

S.28 
5-90 

5-93 

5-03 
6.10 

5-55 
543 

4.18 

5-25 
4.40 
1.60 

4.60 

4-63 
6.68 
2.90 
4.40 

445 


15-63 
15.00 

16.75 
15.00 
16.81 
11.00 

16.69 
14.00 

17.00 
15.00 
15-88 
14.00 

16.19 
14.00 
14.30 

16.77 
12.9 


17.25 
15-00 
18.06 
15.00 
18.38 
14.80 
17.31 


17-81 
14.00 

17.56 
16.50 
16.38 
14.00 
17-38 
15-00 
18.56 
14.00 


8.12 

7-70 
8.66 

9.66 

7.54 
8.43 

7.19 

7-94 
2.9 

6.60 
5-77 
4.46 
1.03 

7.13 

5-49 

10.13 

3-07 

5.62 

6.03 


56.68 

55.59 
54-73 

53-49 

54.56 
56.25 

56.68 

55-31 
42.0 

56.06 

56-99 
56.88 
66.43 

55-21 

56.49 
53-87 
61.53 
57.11 

53.39 


4.62 

$75-00 

4-50 

.... 

4-72 

61.00 

4.00 
4.63 

63.00 

3-00 

5.28 

58.00 

4-50 



4-95 

55-00 

4-50 
4.31 

65.00 

4.00 

.... 

4.82 

62.00 

3-00 

3-93 
4.90 

61.13 

4-3 



4.86 

68.00 

4.00 
5-01 

78.00 

4.50 
5.81 

68.00 

5-30 
326 

80.00 

5-42 

64.00 

4.00 



4.88 

61.00 

4-30 

5-25 

66.00 

4.00 
4.02 

78.00 

4.00 
5-26 

69.50 

4.00 

.... 

4.46 


66.00 


378 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN  221, 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Retail  Dealer. 


13809* 
13924 


13825 
13776 

1 381 9 


13773 

13804! 
13770 
13742 
I3915 


13840 
13855 
139IO 


Wheat  Products — Concluded. 
Wheat  Middlings — Concluded. 
Washburn  Mills,  Minneapolis,  Minn.  ... 


Shorts.  Weber  Flour  Mills  Corp.,  Salina,  Kans. 


Rye  Products. 
Feed.    Boutwell  Mill  &  Grain  Co.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 

Middlings.     Northland  Rye  Mills  Co.,  Minne- 
apolis, Minn 

True  Value  Middlings.     Stratton  Ladish  Mill. 
Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis 

Barley  Products. 
Ground  Barley.    Albert  Dickinson  Co.,  Minne- 
apolis, Minn 

Maize  Products. 
Corn  Gluten  Feed. 
Cream  of  Corn.  American  Maize  Products  Co., 
Roby,  Ind 

Buffalo.      Corn    Products    Reiining    Co.,    New 
York 

Globe.    Corn  Products  Refining  Co.,  New  York 
Staley's.    A.  F.  Staley  Mfg.  Co.,  Decatur,  III. . 


Hominy  Feed. 
Armour  Grain  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 


Spring  Garden.    Baltimore  Pearl  Hominy  Co., 

Baltimore,  Md 

Bufceco.    Buffalo  Cereal  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  . . 


Plainville :   Eaton  Bros 

Guaranty 

Willimantic :      Boston     Feed 

Store  

Guaranty  . .  .■ 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  

West  Cheshire :  G.  W.  Thorpe 

Guaranty 

Winsted:     E.    Manchester   & 

Sons  

Guaranty 

Plantsville :   C.  A.  Cowles  . . . 
Guaranty 

Winsted:     E.   Manchester   & 

Sons  

Guaranty 

Hazardville:  A.  D.  Bridges 
Sons  

Guaranty 

Torrington:  F.  L.  Wadhams 
&  Son 

Guaranty 

Shelton:  Ansonia  Flour  & 
Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Yantic :  Yantic  Grain  &  Pro- 
ducts Co 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  

Hartford:  Garber  Bros 

Guaranty 

Wallingf ord :  E.  E.  Hall  .... 

Guaranty 

Mystic :   Mystic  Grain  Co.  . . . 
Guaranty 


With  screenings. 


t  Wire  tags. 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


379 


Water. 


9.00 

10.88 

9.98 

9.09 

9.58 
8.61 

9.67 

7-99 

7.58 

8.59 

7-94 

8.02 

7-54 
'8.30 
9.71 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


4-50 
4.84 
4.29 
390 
4.58 

4-55 
3-6o 

2.03 

4.20 

3-05 

4-23 

3.38 

2.55 
3-33 
2.52 


Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 


17-75 
15.00 

18.00 
16.00 

14-93' 
18.02 

13-9 

16.13 
13-50 

16.25 
14.00 
17.00 
13-50 


12.75 
10.00 


24.06 
23.00 

27-63 
23.00 

23-31 
23.00 

29.30 
23.00 
23.00 
26.07 
22.1 

11-50 
10.00 
12.00 
10.00 
12.13 
10.00 


Fiber. 


5-09 
6.85 


5-69 
1-7 


7-39 
'6.06 


9-05 
8.00 


6.17 
8.50 

6.67 


6.04 


6-34 


6.31 
4.8 

5-13 

8-55 
6.00 

3-87 
4.00 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


58.99 

55-01 


57-34 
44-7 

63-78 


57-90 
60.00 


61.40 

55-94 

49-67 

57-52 

49-55 

51-17 
46.8 

65-87 

61.93 

66.17 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


4-67 
4.00 

4-42 
3-50 
4.16' 
4-78 
4.2 

3-22 
3-00 

4-30 

3-00 

3-78 

3.00 


3-53 
2.00 


3-81 
1-50 

4-25 

I.OO 

1-49 

I.OO 

2.64 
2.50 
1-50 
3-05 

2.6 

7.41 

5-00 

5-89 
5-00 
5-60 
6.00 


Price 
per 
ton. 


$65.00 
6000 
68.62 

59-00 

54-0O 
58.00 

67.00 

78.00 
76.00 
76.00 

76.66^ 

70.00 
63.00 
63.00 


1  Average  of  ten  guaranties. 


^  Average  of  three  pricee. 


3«o 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION   BULLETIN   221. 
Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Retail  Dealer. 


13779 

1387s 
13835 

I389I 
13774 

13828 

13874! 

13790 

13805 

13883 

I3815 


13865 

13846! 
13758 

I3916I: 


Maize  Products — Concluded. 

Honiinv  Feed — Concluded. 

Yellow.    Buffalo  Cereal  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  ... 


Cereal  Alills  Co.,  Wausau,  Wis 

Paragon.     Chas.  M.  Cox  Co.,  Boston.  Mass. 


Emco.    Evans  Milling  Co.,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Miller  Cereal  Mills,  Omaha,  Neb 


Choice  Steam  Cooked.     Aliner-Hillard  Milling 

Co.,  Wilkesbarre,  Pa 

National  Feed  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo 

Burts.    Postum  Cereal  Co.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

Yellow.    Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111 

True  Value.    Stratton  Ladish  Milling  Co.,  Mil- 
waukee, Wis 

Wathen  Milling  Co.,  Louisville,  Ky 


Dried  Corn  Flake  Feed. 
Kellogg  Toasted  Corn  Flake  Co.,  Battle  Creek, 
Alich 


Brewery  Products. 
Dried  Brewers'  Grain.    James  Hanley  Brewing 
Co.,  Providence,  R.  I 

Dried    Brewers'    Grain.      Providence    Brewing 
Co.,  Providence,  R.  I 


Miscellaneous  Feeds. 
Dried  Beet  Pulp.    Continental  Sugar  Co.,  Bliss- 
field,  Mich 


Winsted :  E.  Manchester  & 
Sons  

Guaranty ' 

Ridgefield  :    S.  D.  Keeler  .... 

Guaranty 

Thompsonville :      George     S. 

j      Phelps  &  Co 

I  Guaranty 

'  Hamden  :   I.  W.  Beers  

Guarantv 

Winsted :     E.    Manchester   & 

1      Sons  

I  Guaranty 

i  Hartford :   Meech  Grain  Co . . 

'  Guarantj' 

I  Stamford :   W.  L.  Crabb  .... 

Guaranty 

Granby  :   E.  H.  Rollins 

•  Guaranty 

Unionville  :    F.  D.  Lawton  . . . 

Guaranty 

[  New  Milf  ord :   Geo.  T.  Soule 

Guaranty 

Bristol:    Goodsell  Bros 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  

Saugatuck :    Hubbell   Coal   & 

Storage  Co 

Guarantv 


Rockville  :  Rockville  Grain  & 
Coal  Co 

Guaranty 

Thomaston :  Thomaston 
Grain  &  Coal  Co 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

Average  digestible  

Yantic :  Yantic  Grain  &  Pro- 
ducts Co 

Guarantv 


t  Wire  tags. 


t  Sold,  guaranteed  and  licensed  by  the  Larrowe  Milling  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


381 


Water. 


10.39 

10.24 

8.25 


9.04 

9.69 
11.00 

8.87 

8.74 
9.18 
9.14 
9.10 
9.16 

9.14 
6.56 


7.18 
6.82 
7.00 

9.26 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


1.65 
2.60 

2.85 


2.90 
2.00 
2.60 

3-03 
2.22 

2.95 
2.60 
2.08 

2.62 

3-25 

4-23 
3.48 
3'86 

4-73 


Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 


10.50 
10.00 

12.63 

10.00 

11.06 

9-50 

12.19 

10.00 

11.88 
10.00 

11.25 
10.00 

13-25 

10.00 
11.00 
10.00 

12.38 

9.00 
11.63 
10.50 

10.38 

10.00 

9.21 

11.70 

7-7 


6.91 


20.50 
20.00 

27.06 
25.00 
22.50 
23.78 
19-3 


1000 
8.00 


Fiber. 


2.43 
4.00 
3-32 
4.00 

3-6i 
7.00 

5.13 
7.00 

4-58 
4.00 
3-71 

463 
10.00 
3.22 
5.00 
4-79 
4-50 
4-56 
5.00 
4-85 
7.00 

4-45 
3.6 


1. 12 
0.42 


16.62 
13-57 


15.09 
7-4 


i5.«o 
20.00 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


70.59 
65.00 

65.41 


66.56 
60.00 
62.28 


62.64 
65.00 
67.67 

66.11 


63-94 
64.18 
67-32 


65.70 
58-9 


79-41 
78.62 


44-37 
43-77 


40.07 
22.8 


59-25 
58.00 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


4-44 

$72.00 

6.00 

5-80 

75-00 

7.00 

6.94 

68.00 

7-50 

8.56 

71.00 

7-50 

8.31 

72.1J0 

8.00 

5-90 

73-00 

4.00 

4.24 

72.00 

5.00 

5-49 

68.00 

6.00 

6.80 

68.00 

4.00 

7-93 

68.00 

5-00 

6.21 

79.00 

6.00 

5-80 

6.39 

70.14 

5.8 

1.60 

78.00 

2.15 

7.10 

68.00 

6.00 

5-30 

6600 

5.00 

5-50 

6.20 

67.00 

5-5 

0.96 

64.00 

0.50 

Price 
per 
ton. 


382 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


13832 

13856 
13905$ 

13885* 
13908 


13754 
13902 

13772 

13778 


13806 
13787 

13933 

13845 

13833 

13765 
13913 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Miscellaneous  Feeds — Concluded. 
Dried  Beet  Pulp.    Larrowe  Milling  Co.,  Detroit, 
Mich 


Hartford:      C.    H.    Northam 

Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Wallingford :  E.  E.  Hall  .... 

Guaranty 

New    London :     Conn.    Grain 

Corp 

Guaranty 

New  Milford :    Geo.  T.  Soule 

Guaranty 

New  London  :  P.  Schwartz  Co. 

Guaranty 

Average  guaranty 

Average  of  analyses 

j  Average  digestible  

Cocoanut  Meal.    Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111.  j  Waterbury :    H.  S.  Coe  &  Co. 

Guaranty 
Cocoa  Brand   Cocoanut  Meal.     Oil   Seed   Co 
Bayonne,  N.  J 


Dried  Beet  Pulp.  Larrowe  Milling  Co.,  Detroit, 
Mich 

Beet  Pulp  with  Molasses.  Mich.  Sugar  Co., 
Alma,  Mich 

Dried  Beet  Pulp  and  Molasses.  Mich.  Sugar 
Co.,  Caro,  Mich 

Dried  Beet  Pulp.  West  Bay  City  Sugar  Co., 
Bay  City,  Mich 


Retail  Dealer. 


Beta   Brand   Peanut   Oil   Meal,   Oil    Seed   Co., 
Bayonne,  N.J 

Pride  of  Richland  Meal    (Peanut).     Richland 
Cotton  Oil  Co.,  Richland,  Ga 


Proprietary  Mixed  Feeds. 

Horse,  Dairy  and  Stock  Feeds. 

Blatchford's  Calf  Meal.    Blatchford  Calf  Meal 

Co.,  Wauregan,  111 

Red  Horn  Calf  Meal.     Hales  &  Edwards  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Purina   Calf   Chow.     Purina  Mills,   St.   Louis, 
Mo 


Schumacher's    Calf    Meal. 
Chicago,  111 


Quaker    Oats    Co. 


Bufceco  Horse  Feed.    Buffalo  Cereal  Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y 


Eshelman's  40  Horse  Feed.  John  W.  Eshelman 
&  Sons.  Lancaster,  Pa 

H.  &  S.  Horse,  Mule  and  Dairy  Feed.  Dwight 
E.  Hamlin,  Pittsburgh,  Pa 


Meech  &  Stod- 


Middletown : 

dard,  Inc 

Guaranty 

Winsted :     E.    Manchester    & 

Sons  ; 

Guaranty 

Winsted :     E.    Manchester   & 

Sons  

Guaranty 


Unionville :   F.  D.  Lawton  ... 

Guaranty 

New     Hartford:        Case     & 

Schwab   

Guaranty 

New     Haven:       Crittenden - 

Benham  Co 

Guaranty 

Manchester :     Little    &    Mc- 

Kinney  

Guaranty 

Hartford:     C.    H.    Northam 

Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Torrington :   D.  L.  Talcott  . . 

Guaranty 

Norwich :     Chas.    Slosberg  & 

Son 

Guaranty 


Sold,  guaranteed  and  licensed  by  the  Larrowe  Milling  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 


ANALYSES. 
Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


3^3 


Water. 


4.82 
5-35 

8.79 

9-37 
4-32 

6.98 
913 

8.2s 

7.73 

745 

8.79 

9.76 

10.02 

777 

9.70 
'8.25 

10.33 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 


3.10 

3-55 

4-71 
3.i8 

3-43 

3.78 
6.05 

6.85 

5.10 
4-74 

6.26 

4-95 

4-03 

5-36 

3.85 
6.66 

10.20 


9-25 
8.00 
8.69 
8.00 

II. 19 
9.00 

9-31 
9.00 

9-94 
8.00 

8.33 

9-73 

5-1 

21.06 

20.00 

26.94 
20.00 

29.63 
30.00 

36.56 
36.00 


25-31 
24.00 

18.06 
18.00 

28.75 
27.00 

18.31 
18.00 

12.50 

10.00 

10.63 

9.00 

11.44 
14.00 


Fiber. 


19.81 
20.00 
20.37 


15-53 
18.00 
18.67 
18.00 
19.03 
20.00 

18.20 

I3-I 
8.90 


9-77 
10.00 

8.94 
8.00 

23.03 
22.00 


7.40 

1.91 

3-23 

2.63 

8.43 

9.00 

17-50 


14-93 
1600 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


62.54 
58.00 
61.56 


58.79 
58.00 
58.09 
58.00 
62.80 
58.00 

60.51 

50.2 

47-20 


35-59 

36-85 

22.16 
23.00 

45-33 
60.90 
50.66 
57-99 

60.83 
54-80 


51.56 
58.00 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


0.48 
0.50 
0.48 
0.50 

0-99 
0.50 
1.38 
0.50 
0.48 
0.50 
0.50 
0.80 

7.66 
7.00 

12.60 
7.00 

11-75 
7.00 

6.06 
6.00 


6.89 
5-O0 

4.42 
5.00 

3-31 
4-50 

7-94 
4.00 

4.69 
4.00 
2.16 
2.00 

1-54 
3-50 


Price 
per 
ton. 


$68.00 
62.00 

68.00 
60.00 
64.00 

64.33 
58.00 

77.00 

75.00 

81.00 

105.00 

108.00 

113.00 

110.00 

73.00 
64.00 

58.00 


384 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


13895 
13871 

1 383 1 

I39i9t 

13743 

13747 
13811 
13762 
13802 
13785 

13903 

13755 
13854 

13911 

13861 
13909 
13923 

13876 
13797 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Proprietary  Mixed  Feeds — Continued. 
Horse,  Dairy  and  Stock  Feeds — Continued. 
Harvest  Horse  Feed.     Hales  &  Edwards  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Harvest  Horse  Feed.     Hales  &  Edwards  Co., 

Chicago,  111 

Lancaster  Horse  Feed.    Lancaster  Milling  Co., 

Lancaster,  Pa 

Monogram    Feed.      Metropolitan    Mills,    New 

York 

Mystic  Feed.    Horse,  Cattle  and  Swine.    Mystic 

Milling  &  Feed  Co.,  Rochester,  N.  Y 

Peters'    King    Corn    Horse    and    Mule    Feed. 

M.  C.  Peters  Mill.  Co.,  Omaha,  Neb 

Emerald  Horse  Feed.  Prairie  State  Milling 
Co.,  Chicago,  111 

Greenfield  Brand.  Prairie  State  Milling  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Purina  Molene  Feed.  Purina  Mills,  St.  Louis, 
Mo 


Bicorn  Hog  Feed.  Chapin  &  Co.,  Hammond, 
Ind 

Pioneer  Hog  Feed.  Hales  &  Edwards,  Chicago, 
111 


Barford's    Ready    Ration    for    Growing    Pigs. 
Meech  &  Stoddard,  Inc.,  Middletown 


Go-Tu-It  Hog  Ration.  Park  &  Pollard  Co., 
Boston,  Mass 

Purina  Pig  Chow.  Purina  Mills,  St.  Louis, 
Mo 


Portage   Stock  Feed.     Akron  Feed  &  Milling 
Co.,  Akron,  Ohio  


Armour's  Stock  Feed.  Armour  Grain  Co.,  Chi- 
cago, 111 

Pennant  Brand  Stock  Feed.  E.  W.  Bailey, 
Swanton,  Vt 

Niagara  Stock  Feed.  Boston  Feed  Store,  Wil- 
limantic    


Retail  Dealer. 


Bufceco  Chop  Feed.  Buffalo  Cereal  Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y 

Wirthmore  Stock  Feed.  C.  M.  Cox  Co.,  Bos- 
ton, Mass 


New  Britain:  Stanley  Svea 
Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Guilford  :  Morse  &  Landon. . 

Guaranty 

South,  Norwalk:    S.  Roodner 

Guaranty > 

Hartford  :   Meech  Grain  Co. . 

Guaranty 

Jewett  City:  Havens  &  Son.. 

Guaranty 

Shelton :  Ansonia  Flour  & 
Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Derby :    Peterson-Hendee  Co. 

Guaranty 

Plantsville  :   Eaton  Bros 

Guaranty 

Litchfield  :  The  Wadhams  Co. 

Guaranty 

Somers  :  W.  C.  Everett 

Guaranty 

New  Hartford :  Case  & 
Schwab   

Guaranty 

Middletown:  Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 

Waterbury :    H.  S.  Coe  &  Co. 

Guaranty 

Meriden :  August  Grulich 
Est 

Guaranty 

Norwich :  Chas.  Slosberg  & 
Son 

Guaranty 

Southport :    C.Buckingham.. 

Guaranty 

Mystic:    Mystic  Grain  Co.  ... 

Guaranty 

Willimantic :  Boston  Feed 
Store  

Guaranty 

Danbury:   F.  C.  Benjamin  ... 

Guaranty 

Suffield :    Spencer  Bros 

Guaranty 


t  Wire  tags. 


ANALYSES. 
Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


3«: 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Water. 


Ash. 


Protein. 

(N.X6.2S) 


Fiber. 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


Ether 

Extract. 
(Crude  Fat) 


Price 
per 
ton. 


7-52 
10.25 

9-73 
8.43 
8.85 

8.99 
856 
9.99 
8.52 
9-51 

9-25 

9.78 
'8.12 

11.03 

8.13 
730 
7-39 

8.16 
9.11 
8.29 


6.85 
7.00 
5'78 
5-93 
3-90 

8.30 
7.63 
8.43 
5-33 
4.96 

7.58 

4-33 
11-43 

7-50 
6.00 

3-8o 

4.98 

3-75 

4-95 
4-45 
3.68 


10.69 
10.00 
10.81 
10.00 
11.31 
10.00 
10.69 
14.00 
12.50 
9.00 

12.60 
10.00 
10.94 

9.00 
10.56 

8.00 
10.81 

9.70 
18.81 
17-50 

25-13 
15.00 

19-75 
18.00 
18.81 
15.00 

17-25 
15.00 

11-75 
8.50 

13-75 

12.00 

10.06 

9.00 

1363 

1006 
8.00 

10.75 
9.00 


20.99 

13-75 

13.02 

13.10 

10.41 
9.00 

16.81 

15-23 
12.00 
15.81 


5.82 
6.00 

6.13 


7-39 
10.76 


10.77 
9.00 

9-78 


9-33 
10.00 

15-28 

11-33 
12.00 

7-72 


52-26 
56.  i6 
57-46 
59-97 
60.35 

52.63 
56.24 
54-27 
61.10 
56-30 

47.04 

52.96 
44.60 

50-56 
59.00 

61.77 
58.66 

'  63-74 

52.81 
61.07 
64-50 


1.69 
2.00 
2.03 
2.00 
2.70 
2.50 
1.88 
3-00 
3-99 
3-50 

1-47 
1-50 
1.40 
2.00 

0.94 
0.50 
4.60 

3-20 

4.60 
4-50 

4.87 

4.00 

6-79 
5-00 
6.28 
6.00 

2.89 
2.50 

4-77 
4.00 

6.45 
4.00 

5-73 
5-00 

5-17 

3-98 
4.00 
5.06 
4.00 


$62.00 
63.00 
68.00 
58-00 
58.00 

64.  GO 
58.00 
56.00 
72.00 
80.00 

78.00 

78.00 
75.00 

81.00 

64.00 
64.00 
67.00 

60.00 
64.00 

68.00 


386 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION   BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Retail  Dealer. 


13906 
13926 

13764 
13882 
13880 
13878 
I37S9 

13918 

13836 

13896 

13826 
13867 
13751 

13860 
13920 
13842 

13890 

13768 
13912 


Proprietary  Mixed  Fekx)S— Continued. 
Horse,  Dairy  and  Stock  Feeds — Continued. 
Yellow  Tag  Stock  Feed.    F.  L.  Cressey,  Boston, 
Mass 

Crosby's  Stock  Feed.  E.  Crosby  &  Co.,  Brattle- 
boro,  Vt 

Stock  Feed.  John  W.  Eshelman  &  Sons,  Lan- 
caster, Pa 

No.  I.  Chop  Feed.  Globe  Elevator  Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y 

Buffalo  Chop  Feed.  Globe  Elevator  Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y 

Grandin's  Stock  Feed.  D.  H.  Grandin  Mill.  Co., 
Jamestown,  N.  Y 

College  Stock  Feed.  Hales  &  Edwards  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Haven's  Stock  Feed.  Havens  &  Son,  Jewett 
City 

Badger  Monopoly  Feed.  Chas.  A.  Krause  Mill. 
Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis 

M.  &  S.  Stock  Feed.  Meech  &  Stoddard,  Inc., 
Middletown 

Allstock  Molasses  Grains.  Metropolitan  Mills, 
New  York  

Iowa  Stock  Feed.  Purity  Oats  Co.,  Davenport, 
Iowa 

Schumacker's  Stock  Feed.  Quaker  Oats  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Victor  Feed.    Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chicago,  111.  . . 

Vitality  Stock  Feed.  Rosenbaum  Bros.,  Chi- 
cago, 111 

Winner  Chop  Feed.  David  Stott's  Flour  Mills, 
Detroit,  Mich 

National  Stock  Feed.  Stratton  Ladish  Mill. 
Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis 

Provender.    D.  L.  Talcott,  Torrington 

Sucrene  Dairy  Feed.  American  Milling  Co., 
Peoria,  111 


New  London :  Conn.  Grain 
Corp 

Guaranty 

Willimantic :  Boston  Feed 
Store    

Guaranty 

Torrington :   D.  L.  Talcott  . . 

Guaranty '. 

New  Milford;  G.  T.  Soule  .. 

Guaranty 

Brookfield:   C.  R.  Dubia  .... 

Guaranty 

Danbury :  H.  E.  Meecker,  Inc. 

Guaranty 

Thomaston :  Thomaston 
Grain  &  Coal  Co 

Guaranty 

Jewett  City :    Havens  &  Son 

Guaranty 

Thompsonville:  George  S. 
Phelps  &  Co 

Guaranty 

Middletown:  Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 

Hartford  :   Meech  Grain  Co. . 

Guaranty 

Norwalk :     C.  E.  Slauson  Co. 

Guaranty 

Waterbury :  Spencer  Grain 
Co 

Guaranty 

Milford :    E.  L.  Oviatt 

Guaranty 

Jewett  City :     Havens  &  Son 

Guaranty 

Manchester:  Little  &  Mc- 
Kinney 

Guaranty 

Newtown :  Newtown  Coal  & 
Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Torrington  :    D.  L.  Talcott  . . 

Guaranty 

Norwich :  Chas.  Slosberg  & 
Son 

Guaranty 


ANALYSES. 
Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


387 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Water. 


9.48 
9.60 

9-93 

'8.92 

10.16 

8.76 

8.92 
847 

9-43 

9.00 
8.05 
8.72 

7.84 
8.43 
'8.14 

10.68 

8.60 
i'i'.38 

8.13 


Ash. 


5.03 

3-75 
4  93 
4.00 
4-25 
4.38 

4.98 
3-93 

3-10 

3-50 
5-05 
4.98 

5-90 
4.18 
4.18 

3-20 

5-05 
2.40 

8.25 


Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 


10.88 
9.00 

1 1.25 
9.00 
1 1. 81 
10.00 
10.19 
9.00 
II. 19 
10.00 
11.31 
10.00 

13-25 

12.00 

10.69 

7.00 

11.88 
10.00 

12.56 
9.00 
12.94 
13.00 
11.88 
10.00 

11.38 

10.00 

9.38 

8.00 

10.25 

9.00 

9.81 
8.00 

14.00 
10.00 
11.00 


2o.«a 
16.50 


Fiber. 


10.67 
9-50 

10.76 
10.00 
12.60 

11.62 

1 1.23 

12.96 

13-77 
12.06 

9-35 

8.55 

9.91 

10.88 

lo.is 
12.82 
12.93 

8.14 
10.00 

12.05 
S-87 

11.21 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


59-35 

60.20 
6000 

56.48 

60.21 
59-60 
58.39 

55-29 
60.36 

61.96 

61.16 
60.87 
59.80 

61.74 
60.04 
61.02 

63.77 
70.00 

56.12 
64-92 

47-14 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


4-59 

$65.00 

4.00 

4-44 

66.00 

4.00 

4.25 

64.00 

3.00 

5-06 

65.00 

3-00 

3-57 

66.00 

3.00 

4.20 

70.00 

4.00 

3-79 

70.00 

3-00 

4-49 

65.00 

3-00 

4.28 

66.00 

3-00 

5-23 

63.00 

4.00 

318 

58.00 

2.00 

3-74 

65.00 

4.00 

2.99 

64.00 

3-25 

5-15 

63.00 

3.00 

3-48 

66.00 

3.00 

4-40 

66.00 

5-00 

4.18 

6300 

3-00 

4-43 

66.00 

4-39 

58.00 

3-SO 

Price 
per 

ton. 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION   BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Retail  Dealer. 


13927 

I374I 

13800 

13799 
1 3801 

13925 

13887 

13792 
I39I7 
13749 

I38I3 
13757 

13922 
13862 

13863 

13798 
13830 
13899 


Proprietary  Mixed  Feeds — Continued. 
Horse,  Dairy  and  Stock  Feeds — Continued. 
Niagara  Dairy  Feed.    Boston  Feed  Store,  Wil- 
limantic  

Bufceco  Dairy  Feed.  Buffalo  Cereal  Co.,  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y 

Lactola  Dairy  Feed.  Chapin  &  Co.,  Hammond, 
Ind 

Triangle  Dairy  Feed.  Chapin  &  Co.,  Ham- 
mond, Ind 

Unicorn  Dairy  Ration.  Chapin  &  Co.,  Ham- 
mond, Ind 

Crosby's  1918  Dairy  Ration.  E.  Crosby  Co., 
Brattleboro,  Vt 

Eshelman's  20  Dairy  Feed.  John  W.  Eshelman 
&  Sons,  Lancaster,  Pa 

Globe  Creamery  Feed.  Globe  Elevator  Co., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Twin  Six  Dairy  Feed.  D.  H.  Grandin  Mill.  Co., 
Jamestown,  N.  Y 

Twin  Six  Dairy  Feed.  D.  H.  Grandin  Mill.  Co., 
Jamestov/n,  N.  Y 

H.  O.  Algrane  Milk  Feed.  H.  O.  Co.'s  Mills, 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Read  the  Tag  Dairy  Feed.  H.  O.  Co.'s  Mills, 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Gold  Flake  Dairy  Feed.  Hales  &  Edwards  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Haven's  Special  Dairy  Feed.  Havens  &  Son, 
Jewett  City 

Morgan's  Balanced  Ration.  Hubbell  Coal  & 
Storage  Co.,  Saugatuck 

Morgan's  Balanced  Ration.  Hubbell  Coal  & 
Storage  Co.,  Saugatuck 

Larro-Feed.  Larrowe  Milling  Co.,  Detroit, 
Mich 

Barford's  Balanced  Dairy  Ration,  Meech  & 
Stoddard,  Inc.,  Middletown  

Barford's  Balanced  Dairy  Ration.  Meech  & 
Stoddard,  Inc.,  Middletown  


Willimantic :  Boston  Feed 
Store  

Guaranty 

Shelton :  Ansonia  Flour  & 
Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Somers :   W.  C.  Everett 

Guaranty 

Somers  :   W.  C.  Everett 

Guaranty 

Somers :   W.  C.  Everett 

Guaranty 

Willimantic :  Boston  Feed 
Store  

Guaranty 

Torrington  :    D.  L.  Talcott  . . 

Guaranty 

New  Milford  :  Geo.  E.  Ackley 
Co 

Guaranty 

Granby :  E.  H.  Rollins 

Guaranty 

Norwich :  Norwich  Grain  Co. 

Guaranty 

Ansonia:  Ansonia  Flour  & 
Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Bristol :   Goodsell  Bros 

Guaranty 

Thomaston :  Thomaston  Coal 
&  Grain  Co 

Guaranty 

Jewett  City :     Havens  &  Son 

Guaranty 

Saugatuck :  Hubbell  Coal  & 
Storage  Co 

Guaranty 

Saugatuck:  Hubbell  Coal  & 
Storage  Co 

Guaranty 

Suffield  :    Spencer  Bros 

Guaranty 

Hartford:  Meech  Grain  Co. . 

Guaranty 

Middletown:  Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


389 


Water. 


8.08 
8.18 

8.^7 
7.38 

7.10 
9.21 

8.77 
806 
8.05 

8.27 
8.16 

9.20 
9-93 


773 
8.61 
8.61 

9.60 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Ash. 


5-15 

4-SO 
5-19 
6-33 
5-98 

4-63 
7.86 

4.90 

5-75 
5-90 

5.38 
5.50 

6.84 

4-75 

5.18 

5-90 
5.58 
5.10 

S.18 


Protein. 

(N.X6.2S) 


17-50 


13-06 
12.00 
17.88 
16.50 
21.00 
21.00 
26.19 
26.00 

25-44 
25.00 
21.25 
20.00 

27.13 
23.00 
24.13 
22.00 
24.81 
22.00 

14-63 
14.00 
22.38 
20.00 

14-50 
16.00 
22.75 
18.00 

19.56 
18.00 

22.44 
22.00 
21.56 
20.00 
21.31 
19.00 

21.25 
19.00 


Fiber. 


15.90 

II. 01 
12.00 

11-37 

9.20 

11.02 


14-43 
15.00 
13.27 


11.08 

11-33 
11.09 


10.48 

15.00 

8-93 

9-50 

17.20 
9-36 


11.30 

11-45 
11.09 
10.31 

10.91 


Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 


49-46 

58-93 
52.76 

60.35 

43-55 


40.61 
59-00 
42.87 


42.77 
46.40 
44-69 

57-73 
50.54 

49.26 
48.46 

46-38 

44.40 
48.82 
49.88 

47.78 


Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 


4.10 


4.42 
3-00 
4.62 
3-00 

4-95 
4.00 
5-88 
4.00 

7-79 
6.00 
5.60 
4.00 

5-35 
5.00 

5-33 
5.00 
5-46 
5-00 

3-51 
4.00 

4-49 
5.00 

3.00 
3-50 
4-75 
4.00 

9.70 
8.00 


8.00 
4-34 
3.00 
4-79 
S-50 

5-28 
5-50 


Price 
per 
ton. 


$70.00 

68.00 
64.00 
78.00 
82.00 

75.00 

66.00 

74-00 
76.00 
76.00 

64.00 
6800 

60.00 
65.00 

62.00 

68.00 
78.00 
8000 

77.00 


39° 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION   BULLETIN   221. 

Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Retail  Dealer. 


Proprietary  Mixed  Feeds — Concluded. 
Horse,  Dairy  and  Stock  Feeds— Concluded. 
Barford's   Balanced    Dairy   Ration.     Meech   & 
Stoddard,  Inc.,  Middletown  

M.  &  S.  Dairy  Feed.  Meech  &  Stoddard,  Inc., 
Middletown    

Stevens'  44  Dairy  Ration.  Park  &  Pollard, 
Boston,  Mass 

Purina  Cow  Chow  Feed.  Purina  Mills,  St. 
Louis,  Mo 

Protena  Dairy  Feed.  Purina  Mills,  St.  Louis, 
Mo 

Big  Q.  Dairy  Ration.  Quaker  Oats  Co.,  Chi- 
cago, 111 

Vitality  Dairy  Feed.  Rosenbaum  Bros.,  Chicago, 
111 

Will-Pay  Dairy  Feed.  Rosenbaum  Bros.,  Chi- 
cago, 111 

True  Value  Dairy  Feed.  Stratton  Ladish  Mill- 
ing Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis 

Syragold  Dairy  Feed.  Syracuse  Milling  Co., 
Syracuse,  N.  Y 

Syragold  Milk  Ration.  Syracuse  Milling  Co., 
Syracuse,  N.  Y 

Ti-O-Ga  Red  Brand  Dairy  Feed.     Tioga  Mill. 

&  Elev.  Co.,  Waverly,  N.  Y 

Biles  Ready  Dairy  Ration.    Ubiko  Milling  Co., 

Cincinnati,  Ohio  

Poultry  Feeds. 
Bufceco    Poultry    Mash.     Buffalo    Cereal    Co., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Laying  Mash.  John  W.  Eshelman  &  Sons, 
Lancaster,  Pa 

Buffalo  Laying  Mash.  Globe  Elevator  Co., 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 

Red  Comb  Mash  Feed  (with  dried  buttermilk). 
Hales  &  Edwards  Co.,  Chicago,  111 

H.  O.  Co.'s  Laying  Mash.  H.  O.  Co.'s  Mills, 
Buffalo,  N.  Y 


Adiiddletown  :  Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 

Middletown:  Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 

Waterbury :  Spencer  Grain 
Co 

Guaranty 

Norwalk :    C.  E.  Slauson  Co. 

Guaranty 

Norwalk :    C.  E.  Slauson  Co. 

Guaranty 

Litchfield :  The  Wadhams 
Co 

Guaranty 

Plainville :   Eaton  Bros 

Guaranty 

Jewett  City :     Havens  &  Son 

Guaranty 

New  Milford:    Geo.  T.  Soule 

Guaranty 

Norfolk :    August  Curtiss  . . . 

Guaranty 

Simsbury:  Woods-Chandler 
Co 

Guaranty 

West  Cheshire :  G.  W.  Thorpe 

Guaranty 

Canaan :    Ives  &  Pierce 

Guaranty 

Meriden :  Meriden  Grain  & 
Feed  Co 

Guaranty 

Torrington :    D.  L.  Talcott  . . 

Guaranty 

Brookfield :    C.  R.  Dubia  .... 

Guaranty 

New  Hartford:  Case  & 
Schwab    

Guaranty 

Bristol :   Goodsell  Bros 

Guaranty 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Continued. 


391 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 


Water. 

8.67 
968 

775 
9-55 
8.35 

9.00 
8.78 
10.34 
8.55 
977 

8.35 
'8.69 

8.95 


8.97 
9.71 

lO.II 

9-95 
8.01 


Ash. 


S-20 

3-90 

5-94 
6.25 
7.10 

5-93 
4.16 

7.19 
6-59 

3-95 

5-6o 
6.50 
5.68 


3.83 
778 
8.25 

12.45 

9.83 


Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 


22.00 
19.00 

20.81 
18.00 

24.50 
24.00 
24.25 
24.00 
18.00 
16.50 

21.13 
21.00 
22.13 
20.00 
18.50 
16.00 
24.63 
24.00 
18.81 
18.00 

2313 
20.00 
26.63 
23.50 
2350 
24.00 


16.69 
15.00 
22.06 
20.00 
22.13 
20.00 
16.50 
15.00 

20.44 
17.00 


Fiber. 


11.93 

9-05 

11.87 

12.42 
12.00 
13-59 

10.33 

11.00 

9.60 

9.87 

9.64 

7-34 

15.66 
9.35 

9.57 
10.00 


4.88 
5.00 
S.38 


6.86 


5.32 
6.00 


Nitrogen-free       |  Ether 

Extract.  j         Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.)        (Crude  Fat) 


46.81 

51.07 

43-39 
43.22 

49.43 

48-83 
50.00 
49.28 

50.61 

44-50 

55.54 

42.63 
42.84 

47.31 
50.00 


60.65 
49.10 
46.21 
50.66 

51.14 


5-39 
5-50 

5-49 
4.00 

6.55 
5.00 

4.31 
4.80 

3-53 
3-50 

4.78 
5.00 

5-05 
4.00 

3-49 
3-50 
6.09 
5-00 
4-59 
5-00 

4.63 
4-50 
5.99 
3.50 
4-99 
500 


4.9« 
4.00 

5.97 
5.00 
4.42 
8.00 
3.58 
4.00 

5.26 
4-50 


Price 
per 
ton. 


$77.00 

76.00 

78.00 
85.00 
7000 

78.00 
80.00 
64.00 
80.60 
78.00 

70.00 
76.00 
81.00 


81.00 
78.00 
78.00 
80.00 

78.00 


392 


CONNECTICUT  EXPERIMENT  STATION  BULLETIN  221. 
Table  VI. — Analyses  of  Commercial  Feeds, 


Station 
No. 


1 3901 

13818 

13784 
13922 

13847 

1381O 
13928 

13853 
13866 


Manufacturer  and  Brand. 


Poultry  Feeds — Concluded. 
M.  &  S.  Dry  Mash.     Meech  &  Stoddard,  Inc., 
Middletown 

Lay  or  Bust  Poultry  Mash.  Park  &  Pollard 
Co.,  Boston,  Mass 

Park  &  Pollard  Growing  Feed.  Park  &  Pollard 
Co.,  Boston,  Mass 

Purina  Chicken  Chowder.  Purina  Mills,  St. 
Louis,  Mo 

Ful-0-Pep  Dry  Mash.  Quaker  Oats  Co., 
Chicago,  111 

Vitality  Egg  Mash  (with  milk  albumen).  Ros- 
enbaum  Bros.,  Chicago,  111 

Chic  Chuck.  Russia  Cement  Co.,  Gloucester, 
Mass 

Wirthmore  Mash  Feed.  C.  M.  Cox  Co.,  Bos- 
ton, Mass 

Ti-O-Ga  Growing  Mash.  Tioga  Mill.  &  Elev. 
Co..  Waverly,  N.  Y 


Retail  Dealer. 


Middletown  :  Meech  &  Stod- 
dard, Inc 

Guaranty 

Plantsville':   C.  A.  Cowles  . . . 

Guaranty 

Canaan  :   Ives  &  Pierce 

Guaranty 

New  Haven :  Crittenden-Ben- 
ham  Co 

Guaranty 

Rockville :  Rockville  Milling 
Co 

Guaranty 

Plainville :   Eaton  Bros 

Guaranty 

Rockville :  Rockville  Milling 
Co 

Guaranty 

Meriden  :  Meriden  Grain  & 
Feed  Co 

Guaranty 

Norwalk :    C.  E.  Slauson  Co. 

Guarantv 


ANALYSES. 

Inspection  of  1919 — Concluded. 


393 


Pounds  per  Hundred. 

Station 

No. 

Water. 

Ash. 

Protein. 
(N.X6.25) 

Fiber. 

Nitrogen-free 

Extract. 

(Starch,  gum,  etc.) 

Ether 

Extract. 

(Crude  Fat) 

Price 
per 
ton. 

13901 
138^8 
13784 

13932 

13847 
1381O 

13928 

13853 
13866 

932 

8.i3 
9.84 

9-38 

8.47 
8.06 

6.04 

8.96 
8.60 

7.88 

i'i'.98 

7.92 

7.68 

9-73 
13.48 

35-78 

9.00 
V.6i 

21.75 
12.00 
21.56 
18.00 
16.31 
10.00 

20.38 
19.00 

22.25 
20.00 
18.69 
18.00 

55-50 
50.00 

22.31 
20.00 
15.69 
12.00 

6.26 

8.i6 

4.70 

8.76 

8.40 
8.35 

6.58 
5.10 

6.00 

49-42 
46.79 

55-59 
49.24 

45-07 
46.99 

0.43 

48.11 
65.04 

5-37 

3-00 
3-38 
1.50 
4.64 
1.50 

4-56 
4.00 

6.08 
4.00 

4  43 
4.00 

2.25 
2.00 

S-04 
4.00 
3-96 
2.00 

$76.00 
82.00 
84.00 

90.00 

84.00 
80.00 

95-00 

81.00 
85.00 

S3R9     '  1  "^ 


University  of 
Connecticut 

Libraries 


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